How did the Spanish and Portuguese Colonize America

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Spain colonization of America
Spain was one of the superpowers in Europe during the exploration age. Spain began exploring American between 1492 to 1513. Spain's administration of its colonies got full establishment in 1535 as the Viceroyalty of New Spain in Mexico City. Between 1539 and 1541, Hernando de Soto crossed Florida, Georgia, and Alabama, and reached the Mississippi River. Later in 1545 Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo explored the Upper California coast. It was not until 1565 when the Spanish settlement of St. Augustine was established in America and by 1582 the Spanish were in the valleys of the Gila and the Rio Grande. Between 1598 and 1608, Don Juan de Onate brought the first colony to New Mexico and explored vast areas of New Mexico, Colorado, and Kansas. In 1602, Sebastian Vizcaino sailed up the coast of California. Later in 1610, the Spanish built the Palace of the Governors in Santa Fe, New Mexico.
Between 1680 and 1692, the Pueblo Revolt was located in New Mexico and Arizona. That was a great initial victory for the Pueblo, but the Spanish re-conquered the lands in 1692. Spain gave away Florida to the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1773 for control of Havana, Cuba, that had been under the captive of the British during the Seven Years' War. Later Peace Treaty of Paris 1783 ended the American Revolutionary War and returned all of Florida to Spanish control. Spain dominance continued till in1821 when Spain ceded Florida to the United States through the Adams-Onís Treaty. In 1824, Mexico was founded with a Republican Constitution and Spanish rule in North America came to an end.
French colonization of America
After the settlement of Quebec in 1608, French exploration began to the regions lying west, the discovery of the Great Lakes and a great river that was called the-the Mississippi also occurred. France began its campaign of colonizing North America through French and Indian war known as King William’s War that took place between 1688 and 1699. The second war called Queen Anne's War between 1702 and 1713) came to an end after signing the Treaty of Utrecht. The treaty terms permitted the transfer of Acadia to England. Hudson Bay and Newfoundland also got transferred to the British. After signing of the Utrecht treaty, the French began the process of taking over Valley of Mississippi and planned to build a chain of forts stretching from New Orleans and Mobile to Montreal. Between 1744 and 1748 King George's interrupted the French from constructing all the forts. The French initiated the building of forts in the valleys of the Allegheny and Ohio in 1752 to facilitate them in taking armed possession of the lands in 1752.
British through the governor of Virginia sent George Washington to instruct the French to leave the Allegheny Valley. However the French declined, and British had to send its troops to build a fort on the site of current Pittsburg but the troops under the leadership of Ward and Trend ran away. In 1754, the last French and Indian war commenced and lasted until 1763. France dominated the war up to 1757, the period that British tried to campaign against Louisbourg and the siege of Fort William Henry. In 1758, British solidified its support for its tro...