Mapping of Cerberal Cortex

Mapping of Cerebral Cortex
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Mapping of Cerebral Cortex
For successful mapping of the sensory and motor areas of the cerebral cortex, there must be a way of identifying the specific locations of the brain where sensations and movements are controlled. For scientists to map these areas, a process known as cortical mapping was used. Cortical mapping uses are a relatively simple technique. The experimenter aims to observe or understand the brain areas that are stimulated/ activated when certain sensations are received (Ji et al., 2019). The experimenter also observes the activated brain areas when certain movements are made. The process of cortical mapping has been carried out using different methods. Some methods are invasive, while others are non-invasive.
The general principle of invasive methods is largely similar. The principle involves placing electrodes inside the brain. The role of the electrodes is to monitor the electrical activity of the neurons when certain sensations are received or when specific movements are made. Scientists have long discovered that monitoring the brain's electrical activity can help identify the areas of the brain that are at work. Therefore, through careful observation and examination of the electrical activity of the neurons, scientists can map out the areas of the brain responsible for sensory and motor functions. Consequently, invasive methods are a major technique scientist have used to map the cerebral cortex.
The mapping of the cerebral cortex has produced very precise results. For such results to be obtained, scientists have used various methods to ascertain the accuracy of the information. The other main technique that has been used to map the cerebral cortex is the use of non-invasive methods. As the name suggests, these methods do not require any contact with the brain. One of the main non-invasive methods that scientist has used in mapping the cerebral cortex is functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). This method involves observing the blood flow and oxygenation levels (Carvalho et al., 2020). By monitoring these two...