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Pages:
3 pages/≈825 words
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Style:
APA
Subject:
Literature & Language
Type:
Essay
Language:
English (U.S.)
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Writing Project 2. Literature & Language Assignment

Essay Instructions:

If the writer can send me an outline before April 6th, that would be appreciated. See attached doc. Thank you.


Directions: Please type, double space, 11 or 12 point font, maximum length 4 pps.  You will send it to me by email only as a Word or TextEdit document.  
Essay #2 (100 points): 
Democratic governments have always struggled to find a balance between socialist/utilitarian principles/policies of governance and libertarian principles/policies of governance.  In the U.S., The corona virus crisis has put us at a turning point as regards how to balance these two underlying ideas as to how to conduct government policy.
Summarize what libertarian theory states is the relationship of the individual and government and the limits of government when controlling individual activity.  Summarize what utilitarian principle theorizes about the greatest good and how such a theory would impact the limits of government when controlling individual activity.  Be sure to clearly show the contrast between these two underlying theories and how they impact government/idividual relations.
The United States government has the right to require industry to manufacture necessary products in an emergency.  It is controversial, but some also believe that the US federal government also has the right to impose a national “lockdown.”   As part of this lockdown, these governments have the right to require businesses be closed, as well as travel and gatherings be limited in order to stop a healthcare threat and get a healthcare threat under control.  As of now, the US government has only ordered car manufacturers to begin producing ventilators, but has not ordered other supplies to be produced, such as testing kits or masks, both of which are under supplied.  Furthermore, states have be inconsistent in their lockdown regulations.  Some countries, Italy and China for instance, have arrested citizens that are moving about for non-essential purposes, only allowing them to leave their homes for groceries or money.
Should the US government initiate a national lockdown with consistent regulations, of non-essential businesses and individuals?  Should the federal government penalize citizens that violate the lockdown with enforced isolation, for instance using ankle bracelets) and fines?  Should the US government make gatherings of more than, let’s say 4 people (unless they live together) illegal?  Right now, the US government is only advising people to stay indoor and respect social distancing.  Should the US government only be able to advise that some of these things should be done, not make it mandatory and be able to penalize individuals for violations?
When choosing to argue one point of view or another, Please refer to utilitarian theory or libertarian theory to support your point of view.  You must show that your position is principled, not merely expedient, i.e – to get rid of the virus only.  You must provide a rationale for your position that can be used to develop a policy that can be followed under other, different national social emergencies.
Rubric:  
Heading should include: Name, class (including section), Paragraph 1 (assignment) and date.  
Argument that includes multiple premises which lead, in the best order, to conclusion (natural order), relevant, reliable (believable and reasonable), and are based on substance (evidence as well as opinion).  This is worth a substantial number of points.  Argument should include three intermediate conclusions (major premises), which are supported by minor premises.  This will be discussed in class, but is really an expansion from our paragraphs and paper #1.  
You must have at least one example that support each major premise, actual current/historical examples or a hypothetical example.  In entire argument,  you must use at least one hypothetical example and a factual or historical example.  You should provide at least one fact, either statistical or historical  or physical, to support of each major premise.  Historical examples, with citation, may also considered historical fact.  
Examples should be representative.  Hypotheticals should be believable.
Extra credit will be provided, up to 7 points, for providing a counter example/argument.  When providing  a counter example, you will need to demonstrate how the counter argument fails to weaken your position.
Rubric:
Your heading should include your name, date, assignment and class—including section.  The title should be:  Writing Project 2.  You address all three parts of the subject above
Make sure your arguments:
Provide clear conclusions 
Each conclusion has separate premises (approximately 3 for each of the three parts of paper) to support it
Arguments should develop in a natural order
Use reliable premises, which are concrete and concise
Builds on substance, not irrelevant attacks or subject matter
Use examples, at least 2, to support premises:
These examples should at least include a hypothetical examples and an historical example (current news or past historical events), 
Extra credit if you use an analog to support your point of view  
Arguments should be as valid as possible, meaning that if a reader agreed with many of your premises, it would be difficult to disagree with your conclusion—the right you suggest should be included in the new contract/constitution.
   Grammaticality and organization will be worth 10% of the grade. 

Essay Sample Content Preview:

Name
class (including section)
Paragraph 1 (assignment)
Date
OUTLINE:
* Introduction
* Libertarian Theory
* Utilitarian Theory
* Utilitarianism in COVID19 crisis
* Conclusion

Some principles or policies serve as a guide or basis that each government follows. Two known philosophical approaches have a significant impact on democratic government – the utilitarian principle of governance and the libertarian policies of governance. However, governments strive to find a balance between these two on how to conduct their policies.
One of the most challenging obstacles that this world is facing recently is the battle against the coronavirus – the COVID19. Several countries around the world are greatly affected by this pandemic. Each country's government has its way of strategizing in combating this disease as well as controlling its widespread in the country. One of the countries that are greatly affected by this virus is the US, which is currently the global hotspot for the virus. With the lack of preparation, the US government has been criticized for how they handle this pandemic. With the two principles (utilitarianism and libertarianism) in mind, how would the US government conduct its policies in these times of crisis?
Fighting something that cannot be seen is a hard task for a government to handle, especially with this new kind of virus spreading all over the country. Both the government and the healthcare system are put to the test in this struggling period. With the increasing positive cases of COVID-19, one effect will be facing an ethical dilemma. Following a utilitarian approach, benefits should be maximized for the higher number, which is for the greater good. Utilitarianism seems to be the necessary response in these trying times. But before elaborating on these, what are the difference between libertarian and utilitarian?
Libertarian and utilitarian are two opposing principles. To have a better grasp among these principles, one should understand what "Natural Rights" entails. In simple terms, natural rights are inalienable rights out of natural law that can never be taken or given away from an individual.
The libertarian theory strongly values individual freedom and sees this as justifying strong protections for individual freedom. It emphasizes the value of fairness and justice in the society wherein one should refrain from violating another person's rights in the pursuit of happiness. It declares a powerful distinction between the public and the private spheres of life. Concerning the government, libertarianism views them as a threat that endangers people's rights. This principle rejects the idea of the government creating and passing moral laws by themselves. In libertarianism, it is inappropriate for an individual to impose one's will on another individual. In addition to this, libertarians also disagree on the government's way of tax processing for re-distribution. It is viewed as a way of forcing someone to work for the benefit of another person (Brink, 2018).
In the libertarian principle, an individual should be able enough to stand on his/her own feet in society. However, this principle requires assistance from the government to pass laws and implement these...
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