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Project 3 Portfolio: Genre Analysis of Political Speeches

Essay Instructions:

This project is divided into three parts. The article is required to be in the pdf document.

 

Project 3 Portfolio: Discourse and Rhetorical Analysis “What is important to consider here is that if mastering a form were simply a matter of plugging in content, we would all be capable of successfully writing anything when we are given a formula...” (Dirk 253). Learning Goals: By the end of this unit, you should be able to... - Identify and describe rhetorical choices in written communication - Explain why an artifact of written work is composed in its observed state - Explain the genre, exigence, and context of a written artifact - Identify, respond to, and make use of genre conventions - Identify problems solved by way of rhetorical choice Components: ● Genre Analysis (due 12/2) ● Artifact Analysis (due 12/8) ● Reflection (due 12/17) The Task at Hand: In Project 3, you will employ your analytical thinking skills to explore how written language emerges from a particular situation or challenge, how it connects or impacts its audience, and how it solves a particular task or problem. You will: ● Choose a genre of writing (e.g. academic essay, blogs, news articles, etc.). ● Analyze the genre. ● Analyze 2 artifacts of this genre. ● Reflect on your analysis of both the genre and its artifacts. How will you do this? In 3 written components: your Genre Analysis, your Artifact Analysis, and Reflection Essay. These items will be tied together as one project—the genre you choose will determine which artifacts you analyze, and you’ll reflect on the crafting of both in your reflection essay. ★ Part1: Genre Analysis. (due 12/2 by midnight - At least 2 pages double-spaced)The first part of the portfolio asks you to choose a genre to analyze. It is important that you choose something that will yield a strong analysis. (The genre needs to be non-fiction--please do not choose fictional genres such as short stories, novels, etc.) After choosing a genre, you will concretely identify rhetorical elements of the genre and how traits and strategies make artifacts of that genre successful in solving a particular problem(s). To do so, you will: ● Observe multiple, detailed traits and characteristics. ● Point out the patterns that help to “mark” or signify a genre—these could be related to word-choice, the overall organization, etc. ● Identify the problem(s) or task(s) at hand that the genre effectively solves. In other words, what does the genre of your choosing allow us to do? What kind of communication does the genre allow? ● Identify the constraints of the genre. Does the genre impose a strict type of diction (word choice)? Does it require citations, footnotes, endnotes? What conventions of the genre are flexible and which ones are rigid? *** Here are some examples of genres: academic essays, blogs, news articles, pamphlets, commencement speeches, political speeches, etc. ★ Part 2: Rhetorical Analysis of 2 Artifacts. (Due 12/8 by midnight - At least 3 pages double-spaced). Are there “exemplary” works that help us understand what makes successful writing in that genre? For this part, you will choose two (2) artifacts that fall within the genre of your choosing and analyze each artifact. In a Google doc, provide annotations/comments/analysis that: ● Highlight or foreground important features of the artifact. ● Note places where the writing is useful in achieving certain goals. ● Analyze where the artifact follows genre conventions and where it challenges or rejects genre conventions-- you can refer to your genre analysis. ● Explain why the artifact is or is not useful to its discourse community. ● Analyze the rhetorical effectiveness of the artifacts by answering some (or all) of the following questions: ○ What is each artifact’s rhetorical situation? Are both artifacts operating within the same discourse community? Are they in different discourse communities? Are they in conversation with each other? ○ How does each artifact approach the problem (exigence) at hand? Where are they similar? ○ Does each artifact address audiences differently? Do they garner a different response? ○ What is the impact of each artifact? What does one accomplish that the other might not? Be as thorough as possible and I strongly recommend that you use the terminology found in Halevi’s essay (e.g. exigence). Doing so will strengthen your ability to look closely at each artifact. (Refer to class discussion or consult with prof. for additional details on length) ★ Part 3: Reflection. (Due 12/17 by midnight-) Write a reflective essay that speaks to your process of analyzing the genre and the two artifacts within that genre. For this part, you should think back on your experience writing the analyses for this project. (Further information on Part 3, such as a detailed description of the assignment and page length, will be provided some time in early December.) Grading: ● Genre Analysis→ 30 points ● Artifact Analysis → 40 points ● Reflection → 30 points ***Project 3 is worth 30% of your grade for this course. Please email in advance regarding any/all questions you may have.

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Genre Analysis of Political Speeches
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One of the foundation of politics is the conflicting ideas that clash between two or more parties. The leader that will successfully influence the people will win any political conflict in a democratic setting (Charteris-Black, 2011). In order so successfully influence the people, one important part of politics are the delivery political speeches. A political speech is defined as an argument that attempts to persuade and express a conviction to provide the people a different perspective for thinking, feeling or acting in a certain way where the political ideas and beliefs of the person giving the speech will be supported. A political speech, then, is a way to influence the people to claim leadership (Carreon & Svetanant, 2017). Added by Carreon & Svetanant (2017), political speeches have three major elements, including: the addressor or the speaker of a certain speech, the addressee or the receiver of the speech, and the content of the political speech itself. These elements should be taken into consideration whenever a person will attempt to deliver a political speech. Although a political speech has other elements, the matter contained inside the political speech should be further studied since the quality of the content triggers the people to be persuaded by the speaker.
Focusing on the content of the political speech, the famous ancient philosopher, Aristotle, tackles five prescriptions or Canons of Rhetoric in making a political speech or any public speaking in general, which includes: invention, arrangement, style, delivery, and memory (Sherwani, 2010). Invention is the presentation of a reasonable claim or argument using logic and evidence. Arrangement is the method of organizing the speech using a structured partition that usually includes an introduction, a body, and a conclusion (Sherwani, 2010). The style is the way on how the speaker used language in a speech. This style depends on the preference of the speaker such as the use of metaphors, word choices, and an imagery to make the people easily understand the speech (Sherwani, 2010). Memory, on the other hand, is the ability of a speaker to retain information to connect the speaker to the audience without reading the prepared speech. Additionally, memory allows a speaker to easily respond to the situation at hand (Sherwani, 2010). Delivery is the manner of presenting the speech. The manner speech helps in establishing the credibility of a speaker to make him/her more believable (Sherwani, 2010).
Additionally, political speeches use the three modes of persuasion to effectively create a convincing argument about a speaker’s advocacy. These modes of persuasion are ethos, logos, and pathos (Ting, 2018). Ethos heavily relies on the speaker’s good characteristics to persuade the people. Added by Ting (2018), ethos can include the credentials and academic attainment to be more convincing. Logos is the use of evidences, statistics, and logic to persuade the people. Pathos is the arousal of the people’s emotion for persuasion. In political speeches, the most commonly used appeal is pathos (Ting, 2018). By targeting the emotions of the people, a speaker can create a con...
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