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Comparison and Contrast of Pierce and Russell Life Sciences Essay

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Peirce/Russell Compare and contrast Pierce and Russell. At the simplest level, you can compare their views. Do they think the external world exists and what arguments do they make to prove their view? Do they think science describes the external world and what arguments do they make to prove their view? What level of certainty do they have about the conclusions of science, and why? At a deeper level, you can look at their views about the process of thinking as such. Why do they think we engage in thinking? How is the process of thinking carried out? What is the end result of a process of thinking? Is philosophical thinking distinct from scientific thinking and from everyday thinking? You don’t, of course, have to address all these questions in your paper; they are intended as possible suggested topics to write on. Dewey/Rawls/Sandel. Compare and contrast Dewey, Rawls, and Sandel (you may compare all three or pick any two to compare.) What are their ideal societies like? How are the economic institutions set up, how are the political institutions set up, and what are the more informal cultural and social institutions. In particular, what is the relation between the individual, the formal (legal/political/economic) institutions, and the informal (social/cultural/religious) institution

 

PHIL 001 Possible Paper 3 topics. Posted 4/9.

Please pick one of the following topics to write on. You may also develop your own topic, but must get my approval in advance.

 

Peirce/Russell

Compare and contrast Pierce and Russell. At the simplest level, you can compare their views. Do they think the external world exists and what arguments do they make to prove their view? Do they think science describes the external world and what arguments do they make to prove their view? What level of certainty do they have about the conclusions of science, and why? At a deeper level, you can look at their views about the process of thinking as such. Why do they think we engage in thinking? How is the process of thinking carried out? What is the end result of a process of thinking? Is philosophical thinking distinct from scientific thinking and from everyday thinking? You don’t, of course, have to address all these questions in your paper; they are intended as possible suggested topics to write on.

 

Dewey/Rawls/Sandel.

Compare and contrast Dewey, Rawls, and Sandel (you may compare all three or pick any two to compare.) What are their ideal societies like? How are the economic institutions set up, how are the political institutions set up, and what are the more informal cultural and social institutions. In particular, what is the relation between the individual, the formal (legal/political/economic) institutions, and the informal (social/cultural/religious) institutions?

 

Format. Name on first page only in top left. 12-point Times New Roman double-spaced. The reason for this is that I blind-grade the papers.

 

Grading criteria:

  • Accuracy and detail of content on each text/philosopher. You may use direct quotes, but for the most part, you should put their ideas in your own words. You can include some detail on their lives, but for the most part, you should focus on their ideas.
  • Demonstration of higher-level thinking skills. Perceptiveness of the comparison.
  • Spelling and grammar. If you have no errors you get a 20, if you average 2 errors per page you get an 18, if you average 4 errors per page you get a 16, and so on down to a minimum of 12.
  • Organization: The paper as a whole should have a topic sentence, each paragraph should have a topic sentence for that paragraph, and the paper should be organized into paragraphs which cover similar material.

 

Papers must be a minimum of 750 words long. Try to devote roughly equal amounts of space to each text or philosopher. You do not need to use secondary sources, but if you do, you must use some standard citation method, such as MLA, APA, or Chicago. Papers must be submitted electronically through e-mail ([email protected]) or Canvas. Papers are due 4/24 at 11:00 p.m. Late papers will be penalized a grade a day.

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Comparison and Contrast of Pierce and Russell
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Comparison and Contrast of Pierce and Russell
The external world is a state of tangible properties where we experience existence that which the human mind can comprehend. It is a state that exists independently. It is a material reality where aspects of our surrounding environment such as the people and societal expectations make up our external reality (Russell, 2009). Philosophers, Bertrand Russell and Charles Pierce (majorly known as a scientist and rarely as a philosopher), were great minds in scientific methodologies and the varying details of the external world. This essay seeks to compare and contrast the views of Russell and Pierce and their arguments on the external world, with inclusivity of their conclusions in science, the process of thinking and the difference in types of thinking.
Both Russell and Pierce contributed to the arguments on the external argument, which is a world of knowable objects and events existing independently. Russell’s greatest contribution was a book with assorted lectures known as ‘Our Knowledge of the External World’. Russell talked about how difficult it would be for people to leave their private personal space of events and objects in their lives and step in to the external world made of broader objects and vast science. Wilson (2008) confirmed that Russell also argued that the best place to begin philosophical reflections is in our personal space and then it is projected to our immediate external surroundings, however, a leap of faith must be taken into the public space of the external. Russell and Pierce were metaphysical realists and upheld this theory as a primary belief.
Since the earliest of times, philosophy, meaning wisdom and science, meaning knowledge have been interchangeable. Russell viewed them as a reference to all coordinated knowledge in the world and not just the two disciplines. Russell’s other theory, which he later declined, was that philosophy and science were separate areas of exploration but still shed light in understanding our existence (Wilson, 2008). This meant that the scientist’s job was not to create but rather discover the word’s aspects and truths to be understood and shared. The philosopher’s job was also the discovery of truths but they had to be universal finds that logically affected everyone. Pierce believed that through science, we could find empirical objects in our world. As long as the thought was independent and perceived in a subjective way. They also had to correspond with true existing facts and be universal for everyone. People questioned whether these objects and events could be seen in our observable reality. Pierces argument was that it indeed existed but could not be proved, the absence of a reality meant that no beliefs were wrong hence no room for any form of doubt.
Charles Pierce viewed the human process of thinking as creative. He believed in pragmatism which is analyzing theories and viewing them on their practical level of successful application into our world. Russell saw critical thinking as needing guidance through a set of rules (Russell, 2003). One should never be c...
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