Module 3 Discussions Database Systems & Systems Acquisition Systems Development and Project Management

Database Systems
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Database normalization is the organization of tables and columns of a relational database to increase the integrity of data and reduce its redundancy. Failure to normalize data has its consequences which are discussed below.
Inability to standardize data leads to inaccurate and inefficient data systems. It also slows down the system such that the rate of work output is undesirable. The overall result is that the system can produce unexpected data. (Michele, 1999).
Failure to normalize data can lead to anomalies (Bill, 2015). This occurs when one tries to store data in two locations. Copy from one location changes, but this does not happen to the other copy. The result is that the two copies fail to agree such that it becomes hard for any application to determine the correct copy.
Normalization can be used to address the following problems. The problems include; insert anomaly, update anomaly and delete anomaly. Insert anomaly is whereby the insertion of certain data types becomes impossible. Update anomaly is where inconsistencies in database arise when trying to refresh the value of a column. Delete anomaly is whereby when deleting data, the data that was intended to be preserved is lost too.
Normalization in database design and development is critical because of the following reasons. Normalization ensures that relations are collected freely from dependencies of undesirable deletion, updates, and insertion. It lengthens the lifespan of application programs by decreasing the necessity of restructuring relations' collection due to the introduction of new data types. Normalization is also important it leads to having a more informative relational model and also the rel...