Fluid, Electrolyte, and pH Balance

Fluid, Electrolyte, and pH Balance
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1.Utilizing knowledge from your learning and assigned readings, respond to the following questions:The maintenance of normal volume and composition of extracellular and intracellular fluids is vital to life. List and briefly describe the kinds of homeostasis involved.
Fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance are forms of homeostasis 
Fluid balance: This is the balance of input fluid in the body and output fluid in the body, which requires regulation of fluid content and distribution in the body.
Electrolyte balance: Electrolytes are inorganic ions, and they can conduct an electrical current in a solution. The electrolytes are in the form of minerals such as like sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphorus. The kidneys and adrenal glands manufacture most of the hormones. A human being gets body fluids and gains electrolytes from the food and drink they consume, but the body fluids lose electrolytes in urine, sweat, and feces (Marieb& Smith, 2016). When the gains and losses for every electrolyte are balanced, there is electrolyte balance. The antidiuretic hormone secreted from the posterior pituitary gland controls water loss and retention via the kidneys. 
Acid-base balance: The acid-base balance occurs when there is the production of hydrogen ions (H +) in the body is and is offset by a loss. When there is acid-base balance exists, the pH of body fluids is within normal limits. Preventing a decrease in pH is one of the main issues as the body generates various acids during metabolism. The kidneys secrete hydrogen ions into the urine and generate buffers into the bloodstream. The pH of the blood is maintained in the body by buffer systems, kidney excretion, and carbon dioxide expiration. 
2.Why does maintain fluid balance in older people require a higher water intake than in a normal, healthy adult under age 40?
Fluid balance (homeostasis) balances fluid intake with output, and as people age, there are at a high risk of fluid imbalance, dehydration, overhydration, and electrolyte abnormalities. Water retention and related electrolyte make it more challenging to maintain fluid balance in older adults. Adequate fluid consumption is necessary for older adults, and the digestive system influences water gains.
3.Why does potassium concentration rise in patients with acidosis? What is this called? What effects does it have?
Sweat is a solution containing Na+ and a lower concentration than the extracellular fluid (ECF). If a person sweats profusely, there is more water than salt, which causes an increased Na+ concentration of extracellular fluid. Patients develop...