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Health, Medicine, Nursing
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English (U.S.)
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Discussion: Cardiovascular Disorders. Health, Medicine, Nursing Essay

Essay Instructions:

Discussion: Cardiovascular Disorders
Veins and arteries are vital elements of the cardiovascular system. They carry the blood supply through the body and are essential for proper function. Sometimes veins and arteries malfunction, resulting in cardiovascular disorders. Malfunctions of arteries and veins are similar to malfunctions of a water hose. Consider the structure and function of a hose. A tap releases water, which then travels through the hose and comes out the other end. If the hose has been dormant for several months, dirt and rusty particles might build up inside, resulting in a restricted flow of water. Similarly, buildup of plaque inside the coronary arteries restricts blood flow and leads to disorders such as coronary heart disease. This disease is one of the most common cardiovascular disorders, and according to the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (2011), is the leading cause of death for men and women in the United States. In this Discussion, you examine the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders such as coronary heart disease.
To Prepare
• Review this week’s media presentation on alterations of cardiovascular functions, as well as Chapter 24 in the Huether and McCance text. Identify the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders.
• Select one patient factor: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Consider how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders.
• Select one of the following alterations of cardiovascular disorders: peripheral arterial disease, myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, or dysrhythmia. Think about how hypertension or dyslipidemia can lead to the alteration you selected. 
Assignment
Write an essay on the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders, including how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology. Then, explain how hypertension or dyslipidemia can lead to the alteration you selected for patients with the factor you identified.

Essay Sample Content Preview:

Coronary Artery Disease
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Coronary Artery Disease
Pathophysiology
The coronary artery disease (CAD) is one that is associated with the buildup of cholesterol rich deposits or what is considered as plaque on the lining of the arteries (Ambrose & Singh, 2015). Commonly referred to as atheromatous plaque or atheromas, it causes the thickening of the arterial walls and leads to narrowing of the lumen. This reduces the amount of blood that can pass through the arteries. As a result, the amount of blood that reaches the heart is reduced and so is the amount of oxygen that reaches the heart muscles. It is established that lesions on the inner lining of the arteries are the main cause of the plaque buildup (Ambrose & Singh, 2015). Once there is damage to the endometrium, the inner arterial wall, fats, lipoproteins and cholesterol accumulate on the intima, site of injury causing blockage in the arteries.
Age
Age is a leading risk factor of developing CAD, given the fact that, as one gets older their blood vessels become inflexible making it harder for blood to pass through (Jousilahti, Vartiainen, Tuomilehto & Puska, 1999). The fatty deposits that collect on t...
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