Epidemiology Paper: Tuberculosis

Epidemiology Paper: Tuberculosis Name of Student Institution Affiliation Table of Contents TOC \o "1-7" \h \z \u 1.0. Introduction PAGEREF _Toc4172907 \h 32.0. Discussion PAGEREF _Toc4172908 \h 32.1. Tuberculosis PAGEREF _Toc4172909 \h 32.1.1 Causes PAGEREF _Toc4172910 \h 42.1.2 Symptoms PAGEREF _Toc4172911 \h 42.1.3 Mode of Transmission PAGEREF _Toc4172912 \h 52.1.4 Complications PAGEREF _Toc4172913 \h 62.1.5 Treatment PAGEREF _Toc4172914 \h 62.2. Demographic of Interest PAGEREF _Toc4172915 \h 62.3. Social Determinants of Health PAGEREF _Toc4172916 \h 72.4. Epidemiologic Triangle PAGEREF _Toc4172917 \h 82.5. Role of the Community Health Nurse PAGEREF _Toc4172918 \h 92.6. National Agency PAGEREF _Toc4172919 \h 102.7. Global Implication of the Disease PAGEREF _Toc4172920 \h 103.0. Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc4172921 \h 104.0. References PAGEREF _Toc4172922 \h 12 Epidemiology Paper: Tuberculosis 1.0. Introduction Tuberculosis is one of the oldest viral diseases and is still one of the most dangerous among the communicable infectious diseases in the world. Up to one-third of the world's population suffering from communicable diseases is infected with this virus, and up to 5 thousand people die in the world every day. The World Health Organization (WHO) is taking measures to eradicate tuberculosis from different regions, while it is evident to refuse vaccination in the countries where the incidence is low. Tuberculosis remains an essential task of the health community as a whole that influences the main directions and development of global public health diseases. The WHO tuberculosis statistics are used while developing strategies and programs to combat this disease and assess their effectiveness and presentation of results in publications. The rationale for conducting this research is to emphasize the global epidemic of tuberculosis disease, demonstrating its causes, symptoms, mode of transmission, complications, and treatment. The paper primarily focuses on the demographics of the disease, underlying social determinants, epidemiologic triangle, role of community health nurses, national agencies involved, and the global implication of this disease. The epidemiology of tuberculosis has remained an issue of concern for the global health system. Despite the implementation of different preventive measures, this communicable disease is still widespread. 2.0. Discussion 2.1. Tuberculosis  The tuberculosis is an infectious and contagious disease in which the microorganism attacks and invades the lung of the infected person, though this disease may occur in other parts of the body as well, such as bones and kidney (Hallensleben, de Vries, Lettinga, & Scherpbier, 2016). The causative microorganism for this disease is Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 2.1.1 Causes Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that spreads by airborne droplets, that is, by inhalation of the patient’s sputum particles. Therefore, a person can only get exposure to an organism from a patient with an open form of tuberculosis. The initiation of infection does not mean that there will be a distinct disease, which, as a rule, begins with the first complex in the lung. If the immune system functions normally, then the infection remains dormant for life and does not affect...