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Essay Available:
Pages:
3 pages/≈825 words
Sources:
5 Sources
Style:
Other
Subject:
Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Type:
Coursework
Language:
English (U.S.)
Document:
MS Word
Date:
Total cost:
$ 15.55
Topic:

Implementing Genomic Screening in Diverse Population

Coursework Instructions:

Instructions: You must use AMA format---> (superscripted numbers in-text and then the list of corresponding numbered references at the end of the text).
*****Short Essay Guidelines :
For each assigned reading, write an essay of ~750 words (maximum 1000 words)----> SUMMARIZING the reading.
Your response paper should include:
1) the main message of the reading,
2) an overview/explanation of the biological concepts being described (e.g., underlying biological mechanisms of the public health problem),
3) the scope of the public health problem, including 1 – 2 sentences on outlook (i.e., implications for further research, intervention, or public health policy).
The use of 2 – 3 outside sources to support---> your points is required.
you MUST reference all sources –>using AMA format (superscripted numbers in-text and then the list of corresponding numbered references at the end of the text).
Format:
 Approximately 750 words; maximum of 1000 words
 12-point Times New Roman font; standard margins (1-inch); double-spaced
Recommended Structure:
Introduction: Scope of the Public Health Problem (approximately 1 paragraph).
 Provide a basic description of the public health problem that is the focus of the article
 Why are we concerned with it? For example,
o How many people have the public health problem (prevalence data)?
o What are the negative societal, health, or economic outcomes associated with the public health problem?
Overview of Biological Concepts (approximately 1 paragraph)
 Provide an overview/explanation of the biological concepts being described (e.g., underlying biological mechanisms of the disease or condition that is the focus of the article).
Main Message of the Reading (approximately 2 paragraphs)
 Start by introducing the reading.
 Describe the main message(s) of the reading.
o Provide an example or expand on one point or section of the reading.
Outlook (approximately 1 paragraph)
 Describe the implications for future research, intervention, or public health policy.
Conclusion (approximately 1 paragraph)
 Briefly summarize the essay.
References (section at the end of the paper)
 AMA Style
o List “References” at the end of the paper o Numerical order
o Single spaced
 Example:
1. Slavin JL, Jacobs D, Marquart L, et al. The role of whole grains in disease
prevention. J Am Diet Assoc. 2001;101:780-785.
 In-Text Citations
o Cite each reference in text (sequentially in the order that they appear) using superscript Arabic numerals.
o The numbers should be placed outside periods and commas but inside colons and semicolons.
o Can cite multiple references at once.
 Sequential references should be indicated with a hyphen.
 Nonsequential references should be separated with commas.
 Do not include spaces between numbers
 Example:
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States.1-3 Risk factors for cardiovascular disease include smoking,4 physical inactivity,2,5 and elevated LDL.1
General Tips
 Follow the instructions. Include all required components.
 Write short sentences.
 Paraphrase information when possible. Use direct quotes only when they’ll be particularly effective at communicating the information.
 Keep one idea to one paragraph.
 Review the organization of the whole essay, sections, and paragraphs.
 Read the essay out loud to help spot mistakes.

Coursework Sample Content Preview:

Implementing Genomic Screening in Diverse Population
First Name and Last Name
University
Student Number
Course Title
Date
Scope of the Public Health Problem
This article discusses the importance of implementing genomic screening programs in clinical practice, particularly for multi-ethnic biobanks. While the authors assert that these programs have the potential to identify individuals at increased risk for severe health conditions, they argue that more widespread use is necessary to maximize their benefits. Many patients, as a result, don't know they're at risk.1 Furthermore, the authors note that most genomic screening programs disproportionately benefit those of European ancestry, which they contend is a significant limitation given the importance of tailoring these programs to diverse populations. 1 The challenge of implementing genomic screening programs in clinical practice is essential for several reasons. For one, such programs could benefit a considerable number of people. Research suggests that 1-2% of the population has a gene variant that could cause health problems, specifically HBOC, LS, and FH1. These conditions can have serious health consequences, such as an increased risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and early death. Many individuals with these genetic variants don't realize they're at risk, partly because doctors don't always identify these conditions during regular check-ups.1-2 Thus, many individuals cannot take advantage of available interventions that could reduce their risk. Another important consideration is the potential for health disparities regarding genomic screening. Most biobank programs that share genomic results with participants tend to be based in health systems with predominantly European ancestry patients. This homogeneity makes it challenging to research how genomic screening can be adapted to meet the needs of different ethnic groups.4 Moreover, we need more information about how patients from diverse backgrounds would like to receive their genomic results. As genomics and precision medicine research increasingly focuses on engaging African American/African (AA) or Hispanic/Latinx (HL) among many other groups, it's critical to explore how to best return individual results to these participants.
Overview of biological concepts
The paper discusses four hereditary conditions: hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC), Lynch syndrome (LS), familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), and hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (hATTR). Pathogenic variants cause HBOC in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes involved in DNA repair. LS is caused by pathogenic variants in four genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2) that play a role in mismatch repair, which is essential for the maintenance of genomic stability. FH is caused by pathogenic variants in three genes (LDLR, APOB, and PCSK9) that contribute to regulating cholesterol levels in the body. hATTR is caused by pathogenic variants in the TTR gene, which leads to abnormal protein deposits in various tissues and organs throughout the body.1
Main Message of the Reading
This passage describes a pilot genomic screening program by the BioMe Biobank in New York City. The program aims to identify people at a higher risk for certain health ...
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