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Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells, Plasma Membrane, and the Plant and Animal Cells

Coursework Instructions:

Biol 1014
Exam Review #2 (Chapters 4 through 8)

The exam reviews are worth 20 points each and are part of your grade. You will need to look up either the definitions of different terms, list and describe or answer questions about different topics in each chapter. These questions vary in points depending on the specific question. Be sure to answer all of the questions! The exam reviews do not cover every question that will be on the exam but serve as a review of each chapter on the exam. The exam review must be submitted before the due date and must be submitted as a Word document.

Chapter 4

  1. Differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
  2. Identify the major structures of a prokaryotic cell.
  3. Identify the characteristics common to all cells.
  4. What are the function(s) of the major organelles in the eukaryotic cell?
  5. What are the key components of the cell plasma membrane?
  6. Explain how the plasma membrane regulates passage of molecules into and out of the cell.
  7. Explain the diverse functions of the proteins embedded in the plasma membrane.
  8. Identify the energy roles chloroplasts and mitochondria play in a cell. 
  9. Describe the differences between plant and animal cells. 

Chapter 5

10.  Describe the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane. (You must explain both the fluid part and the mosaic part of the model. What does each part tell you about the cell membrane.)

11.  Categorize the various ways materials can move across the plasma membrane. 

12.  Distinguish between active and passive transport methods. 

13.  Distinguish between endocytosis and exocytosis 

Chapter 6

14.  Distinguish between types of energy, kinetic, potential, free and activation energy. 

Chapter 7

15.  Define cellular respiration. 

16.  Describe how the ATP molecule stores and releases energy for the cell’s use. 

Chapter 8

17.  Describe how photosynthesis is relevant to all living things. 

18.  Identify the main plant structures involved in photosynthesis.

 

Coursework Sample Content Preview:

Exam Review (Chapter 4-8)
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Chapter 4
1 Differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells are simple unicellular organisms without a nucleus and other organelles, while eukaryote cells are cells with a clearly defined nucleus.
2 Identify the major structures of a prokaryotic cell.
A prokaryotic cell comprises the nucleoid, ribosomes, cell membrane, and cell wall.
3 Identify the characteristics common to all cells.
Cells are characterized by a cell membrane separating the inner and outer environment and cytoplasm, which houses organelles, DNA, and ribosomes that synthesize protein.
4 What are the function(s) of the major organelles in the eukaryotic cell?
The nucleus guides the activities of the cell and stores DNA; mitochondria produce ATP molecules necessary for cell functioning, while ribosomes make protein. The Golgi apparatus creates, modifies, and packs proteins; lysosomes aid in food digestion, while the endoplasmic reticulum facilitates the transportation of items.
5 What are the key components of the cell plasma membrane?
The plasma membrane comprises proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and cholesterol
6 Explain how the plasma membrane regulates passage of molecules into and out of the cell.
A plasma membrane controls the movement of molecules by having a semipermeable lipid bilayer, which permits water and small solids to permeate freely while keeping out large molecules.
7 Explain the diverse functions of the proteins embedded in the plasma membrane.
Proteins transport materials in and out of the cell, break down lactose into carbohydrates, and act as chemical messengers. Also, they enable the connection of cells in various joints for effective communication and transfer of materials and connect the cytoskeleton system.
8 Identify the energy roles chloroplasts and mitochondria play in a cell.
Chloroplasts seize light energy and transfer it to ATP, which uses it to make glucose during photosynthesis, while mitochondria capture energy during cellular respiration and break down fuel molecules.
9 Describe the dif...
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