GI-Peptic Ulcer Case Study

GI-Peptic Ulcer
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Introduction
A peptic ulcer is a disease that causes painful sores in the stomach lining or on the small intestines rather known as duodenum. An ulcer, results from imbalances that occurs between the digestive fluids in the duodenum and the stomach. Even though, no single cause has been attributed to the cause of ulcers, it is mostly believed that this disease is instigated by some bacterium called Helicobacter pylori.
The differences and commonalities in mechanism of action of Histamine-2 antagonists, antacids, and proton pump inhibitors
According to Talley, antacids are substances that counteract the acid levels in the stomach. They are said to have a more or less base. When a patient’s stomach acid pH goes extremely low, pain is experienced in the epigastric area because of much acidity (Talley, 2014). It is at this point that antacids are introduced to raise the gastric pH level that brings the epigastria into an ideal pH level that is uniformly acidic.
However, the H2 blockers are very much different from antacids since they block the actions of histamine on the gastric tract. Histamine is known for its work on the parietal cell walls. It makes the wall produce more acid levels. When the walls are closed with the H2 blockers, a reaction occurs in which acidic secretions reduce from the cells. For this reason, the drug is described as H2-receptor antagonist. The most common H2 blockers are Ranitidine and Cimetidine (Talley, 2014). Both of this drugs fall under the same niche since they are used to treat the same cases of stomach ulcers and dyspepsia.
However, there is another group of acid fighters known as the proton pump inhibitors (PPI) that are considered effective as compared to H2 blockers. Antacids are known to decrease the effects of fractional doses of drugs that are introduced into the cells of the body. Through the use of some drugs like tetracycline, used together in instances where there is instability in the gastric pH levels, such a drug is recommended. Cimetidine on this account has its precautions in that it affects the body’s normal metabolism rate (Collen, & Benjamin, 1991). Upon its use, some drugs are excreted with some enzymes exhibited in the body.
In a nutshell, antacids are known to raise the pH level of the stomach. These results when some the neutralizing effects of some acids are countered when H2 blockers slow down the actions of histamine to prevent cells in the stomach from producing acids (Collen, & Benjamin, 1991). Precautions have to be taken when antacids are administered alongside tetracycline because of its effects. It is also essential...