Management Research Paper: International Business Expansion

International Business Expansion
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Macro environment of Singapore
Singapore attracts many business investments from foreign companies because of its outstanding macro-environment, which includes the political, economic, social, technological, (PEST) factors. These macro-environment factors in Singapore significantly contribute to the success of business growth.
In the political factor, Singapore's political structure presents low political risk and stability. This political factor is favorable for foreign businesses because changes in Singapore's policies, rules, and regulations will not happen regularly. The changes in the laws may affect foreign businesses because a country might change its laws to exploit more of the foreign company's resources (Wirtz & Chung, 2015). For example, a country originally taxes foreign companies for 10%, but if the pollical factor is unstable and corrupt, the country can suddenly change its laws and pass bills to increase tax rates for foreign companies. Luckily, the political factor in Singapore is not corrupt and promote fair business opportunities.
In the economic factor, Singapore has a free-market economy, which means the government has little influence over the business sector. This promotes a corruption-free environment in handling businesses. Additionally, the country is located in a strategic area where they can effectively utilize the cheap labor cost of other countries and other productive assets that can help in decreasing the cost of production. As a result, Singapore's economic environment improved GDP, GNP per capita, and employment rates (PESTLE Analysis of Singapore, 2015).
In social factors, the people in Singapore have high literacy rates. The people follow the traditional eastern values, such as family centeredness. The people try to fulfill their materialistic needs; thus, making them work harder. The businesses can expect greater purchasing power from the citizens in Singapore compared to other countries (PESTLE Analysis of Singapore, 2015).
In technological factors, Singapore is one of the most technologically savvy countries, which is updated in the use of the latest technological developments. The country's use of technology is to improve the quality of varying sectors, such as education, entertainment, business, etc. (Wirtz & Chung, 2015).
Types of Leadership: Authoritarian and Transformational
An authoritarian and transformational leadership will work in Singapore. One of the biggest problems in business expansion in other countries is addressing the cultural differences in the host country. Different works of literature about the dominant business culture reveals the contradictions between the norms and values of the people between Asian countries and Western Countries (Lin & Sun, 2018). In Asia, there is a great power distance from leaders to employees, especially to western leaders like Americans. Asians expect the American leaders to be more direct and knowledgeable in handling a business. They have paternalistic values where a central figure needs to give orders and delegate tasks (Lin & Sun, 2018). Therefore, authoritar...