Availability of Information on The Effects of The Tracheostomy Method on Patients

Literature Review
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Literature Review
Introduction
Thick or dry mucus can block the windpipe causing breathing problems. Therefore, physicians have adopted two methods of tracheostomy to reduce the problem. The first method is to hydrate a patient reducing mucus viscosity enabling it to be removed by coughing. While the second method is to install a saline solution to suction mechanically ventilated patients who are at the intensive care unit (ICU). Both methods have effects on patients. Therefore, this research focuses on the literature review of various sources regarding the availability of information on the effects of the two methods on patients to make a decision on whether further research is needed or not.
Synthesis of the Literatures
Schults et al. (2017) evaluates the safety and effectiveness of installing a normal saline and pediatric endotracheal suction to control breathing problem at the intensive care unit (ICU). The efficacy of endotracheal suction (ETS) is affected by the humidity of the airway mucous. The effectiveness of ETS is reduced if the patient is not well hydrated. Hydration makes mucous to be less viscous reducing breathing problem. Humiliation improves the removal of mucus through coughing and lowers the surface tension in the airways. The researchers found out that the normal saline instillation (NSI) was associated with reduction in oxygen concentration. Practices that mitigate the adverse impact of physiological interactions of ETS and increase secretion removal of mucous have been inadequately analyzed in the pediatric population. Hence, high quality and powerful clinical trials are required to determine the effectiveness and safety of NSI and to inform clinical practices.
Similarly, Wen et al. (2016) conducted a study on the function of osmolality in ‘saline fluid nebulization after tracheostomy.’ Apparently, saline fluid nebulization is considered to reduce the complications that may occur after tracheostomy. Unluckily, the function of saline solution remains unclear for nebulization. The goal of the study was to find out the biological changes that occur at the initial phases after tracheostomy. The objective of the research was to determine the effectiveness of saline fluid nebulization and look into the potential function of osmolality of saline nebulization after tracheostomy. After the study, the researchers concluded that osmolality plays a crucial role in the fluid nebulization after tracheostomy.
However, Thomachot et al. (2000) found out in their study that the measurement of tracheal temperature is not a reliable index of full respiratory heat loss in mechanically ventilated patients. There is need to maximize total respiratory heat loss during mechanical ventilation. The objective of the research was to determine whether tracheal temperature changes are effective indices of full respiratory heat loss in mechanically ventilated patients. The stu...