Social Networks, Social Norms, and Social Influence Processes

The pervasive presence of social networks in modern life has wide implications for individuals and communities. Social networks facilitate connections and relationships between people from all walks of life, which can in turn influence behavior and health. As Berkman, Kawachi, and Glymour explain, social networks provide access to information, resources, and support, as well as serve as vehicles for transmitting social norms (Chapter 8). While these networks can often be positive, they can also have negative consequences, which brings out the dark side of social capital (Kawachi, Berkman, & Glymour, 2015). Experiences such as witnessing police brutality can lead to feelings of powerlessness or lack of control, which may contribute to anxiety or vulnerability. This was demonstrated in the case of George Floyd, whose violent death at the hands of a police officer could cause others to feel unsafe or anxious. It is important for researchers and practitioners to be aware of these hidden social networks when designing interventions, as they can have a significant impact on the success of behavior change (Hunter et al., 2015). Furthermore, Christakis and Fowler (2007) research indicates that certain behaviors or conditions, such as obesity, can be "contagious" within social networks. Social norms, which are shaped by these networks, play a powerful role in shaping individual behavior (Berkman, Kawachi, & Glymour, 2015).
The key take-out from these readings is that social networks can have both positive and negative consequences for individuals and communities. They can provide access to resources and support, but they can also transmit negative social norms or contribute to anxiety and vulnerability. I agree with the main argument of Berkman, K...