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Three Divisions in the Study of Ethics and the Cultural Relativism

Essay Instructions:

Hi, it is the philosophy subject.
The essay questions will be released to me on 26th at 11:30 am(EST). And the essay need to be submitted at 12:45pm(EST)
There will be 4 essay questions.
When you write the essay, you cannot use the examples that are listed on the textbook or internet.
This essay requires many details for writing.
There will be questioned for asking the definitions as well.

Ethics, PHIL 1105

Description

This course will provide an introduction to the study of ethics, or moral philosophy. We will discuss the aims and concerns of ethics by reading about several classical issues. We will begin with a brief introduction to the nature of ethical theory and reasoning, and the relevance of these to our lives. We will then consider some problems raised by the study of ethics (egoism, relativism, etc.), and follow this with an examination of some common ethical theories (utilitarianism, Kantianism, etc.). This will give you a sense of the kinds of concerns philosophers have raised in this area. The course will consist of readings from the book and discussion of its contents. You will be expected to read the assigned material and be ready to discuss it critically. We will spend time in class actually discussing the readings, so it is important that you have done them beforehand.

Text:

An Introduction to Moral Philosophy, Jonathan Wolff, Norton Publishing, 2018. I recommend a paperback copy of this text so you can follow along.

Schedule of Readings

Introduction

Preface, Moral Philosophy, 1-7(Exam)

Moral Reasoning, 7-18, and “Logic Reading” (online/print this) Cultural Relativism, 21-31 (Exam)

Rachels, “The Challenge of Cultural Relativism” (online) Problems for Relativism, 31-39 (Exam)

Film 1

Subjectivism and its Problems, 40-57/discuss exam Egoism 88-96, and 100-105(EXAM)

Exam 1

Objectivism and Religion, 71-77

Plato, “Euthyphro and His Problem” (online) Film 2

Natural Law Theory, 77-87 Film 3

Utilitarianism, 125-133 cont’d, 134-143

Challenges for Utilitarianism, 144-150/discuss exam cont’d 150-160

Film 4

Exam 2

Deontology and Kant, 163-173 6/2 Examples, 173-181

Challenges for Kant, 182-190 Film 5 cont’d, 190-198 (cf. U. N. Declaration)

M. L. King reading, “Letter from a Birmingham Jail” (online)

Ethics of Gender and Race, 232-242 (cf. 195) cont’d 242-254

Developing a Moral Outlook, 258-261/discuss exam Film 6 (What is Philosophy?)

Exam 3 Last class

Here are the instructions for the exam Tuesday.

We will be using the following schedule for our class Tuesday to take the class writing. I will send you the questions by email at 11:30(EST) Tuesday morning. Each question should be answered in “essay format” (with paragraphs). The main thing is that you try to demonstrate to me that you understand the material and can explain it carefully. Don’t just write one or two sentences. Good answers will be more detailed, and will explain the main arguments at issue. You can write your answers in a MS Word document with numbers for each question, put your name on it, and then return this to me by 12:35pm latest.

I will submit all exams to SafeAssign, the University’s plagiarism detection software. You are not allowed to use the textbook, internet or notes. Since you have to answer five questions in 1hr, there’s not really time to look things up during the exam and finish in the time allotted anyway. So my recommendation is just to study like you would for any other exam and you will do fine. An academic integrity policy is listed on the syllabus and includes assigning an “F” in case of any plagiarism (large or small).

Essay Sample Content Preview:
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Ethics, PHIL 1105 Name .
Answer five of the following questions.
Your answers should consist of detailed essays. Be sure to define key terms and give examples to support your points.
1 Chapter One notes the three divisions within the study of ethics are: (1) meta-ethics, (2) normative ethics, and (3) applied ethics. Explain these and give examples of each.
Normative ethics has to do with the way we judge our moral behavior with most theories seeking to offer guidance procedures in answering logical questions. Such theories include the categorical imperative theory by philosopher Emmanuel Kant theory that states one should never lie no matter the situation they are in.
Metaethics is based on nature of ethics and the moral reasoning where etics is viewed from the perspective of relativity and whether people act from self-interest. The categorical imperative theory by Kant on lying is wrong is an example of metaethics.
Applied Ethics refers to empirical use of moral considerations. This means that it is applied in the real-world setting judged on moral standards within the private areas, and public life, health, technology and leadership among others. Examples of applies moral ethics include in the biomedical field where approaches established follow life science based on euthanasia among other areas. Also, business ethics in the real-world setting include things like whistleblowers to the public at large or employees remaining loyalty to their organizations.
2 What is the difference between deductive and inductive arguments? Given examples of each.
Inductive and deductive reasoning are applied in quantitative and qualitative research methodologies respectively. The two arguments, deductive and inductive reasoning are arguments to learn more on what surrounds us. Deductive reasoning is where there is a laid hypothesis whereby the end or conclusion has to support or reject it based on empirical findings. On the other hand, inductive starts with an observation and conclusion is provided without any laid hypothesis but general theories.
3 Explain the argument for cultural relativism and one of the objections to it we discussed.
Cultural rel...
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