Can Social and Political Movements be Successful Without Violence?

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Can Social and Political Movements be Successful without Violence?
Many countries in the world faced colonization, except a few that survived. The colonized countries later attained independence from their oppressors through different tactics and at different times. The colonial rule in the nations ended through violent means or non-violent movements. Mahatma Gandhi believed in non-violent means of decolonization, while Frantz Fanon supported the violent revolution to independence. Both experienced colonization and acknowledged the need for self-rule, but their preferred paths to independence differed.
Gandhi believed that non-violence is superior to violence and forgiveness is more remarkable than punishment. According to him, the definition of strength is more of having indomitable will than physical capacity. The willingness to suffer physical and mental torture for a cause signified the values of the oppressed. The natives did not have to use the same tactics as their oppressors to prove they were capable and deserving of self-rule. However, he clarified that non-violence does not signify cowardice. Gandhi said he would choose violence, where only one choice exists between violence and cowardice.
According to the Hind Swaraj by Gandhi, love's impact is far more significant than the use of arms and violence yields harm. He believed the path to independence was through non-violent resistance to the oppressing laws. The colonizers could only govern the natives if the people agreed to follow the set laws. Passive resistance to exploitative laws, such as refusing to pay taxes and participating in non-violent protests, could lead to negotiations with oppressors. Non-violent movements can promote negotiations with colonizers and lead locals to independence.
Gandhi further states that independence that translates to total freedom is attainable through conversion and not coercion. Independence should be political, moral, and economic. Political freedom ensures the complete removal of the foreign army in any form. Moral freedom is the equal treatment of all people, and economic freedom is the total elimination of foreign capitalists and currency.
A psychiatrist, Fanon, believed that independence could only be attained through violence. In his book, ‘The Wretched of the Earth’, he states that decolonization is always violent. Decolonization is a tug-of-war for power between the colonies and their oppressors. It creates a state of complete disorder...