Gender, Sex, and Sexual Identity

The following readings are required to talk about racial disparities in health among gay, lesbian bisexual, and heterosexual men and Women.
->But what is the main concern point of viewing in public health from these, lesbian bisexual, and heterosexual men and women?
->Were there any "ethical issues related to reproduction control if you become lesbian?".
This is my opposite side of the point of view regarding the "Gender, Sex, and Sexual identity"--->"if women are given the opportunity to make their own reproduction choices about sex, contraception, abortion, and application of reproductive technologies. The main issues that raise ethical dilemmas following the development of assisted reproduction techniques are: the right to procreate or reproduce; the process of in vitro fertilization itself-is it morally acceptable to interfere in the reproduction process?; the moral status of the embryo; the involvement of a third party in the reproductive process by genetic material donation; the practice of surrogacy, cryopreservation of pre-embryos; genetic manipulation; experiments on pre-embryos, etc. Induced abortion raises ethical issues related to the rights of the woman versus the rights of the fetus. For those who consider life to begin at conception abortion always equals murder and is therefore forbidden. Those who believe in the absolute autonomy of the woman over her body take the other extreme approach. The discussion surrounding abortion usually centers on whether it should be legal or illegal. Access to safe abortion is critical to the health of women and to their autonomy. The development of new effective contraceptive methods has a profound impact on women's lives. By the use of contraception it is possible to lessen maternal, infant and child mortality and to reduce the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases. Research and development of new effective reversible contraceptives for women and men is needed. Dissemination of information about the safety and effectiveness of contraceptive methods is of great importance. Female genital mutilation is still practiced worldwide due to customs and tradition among various ethnic groups. The procedure is considered to be medically detrimental to the physical and mental health of women and girls, and is considered by many as oppression of women. The practice has to be stopped. Recognition of the fetus as a 'patient' has a potential effect on women's right for autonomy; they have no legal obligation to undergo invasive procedures and to risk their health for the sake of their fetuses. The woman carries ethical obligations toward her fetus. This obligation should not be enforced by the law. At present women bear most of the burden of reproductive health. All of them have a right of access to fertility regulation. Governments and society must ensure the women's equal rights to health care just as men have in the regulation of their fertility.
---> These are the reading articles, but what is the main key among these articles?
--->what are you disagree and agree with?
-->The U.S constitution does protect public health, but NOT individual health. What kind of critical question can you raise in these articles?
---> Is it a religious violation? based on these people( gay, lesbian bisexual, and heterosexual men and women ) sexual activity in public Health?
-->Please also define Gender, sex, and Sexual Identity, and Articulate the influence of gender, sex and sexual identity on the incidence and prevalence of disease and illness for making the critical arugment
--->Please both biological and socially constructed impact of genders, sex, and sexual identity on health.
How did the gender system change because of gay, lesbian bisexual, and heterosexual men and women to impact on the public health system? *please make the critical arugment
These
***Reading Lists:
Mayer, K. H., Bradford, J. B., Makadon, H. J., Stall, R., Goldhammer, H., & Landers, S. (2008). Sexual and gender minority health: what we know and what needs to be done. American journal of public health, 98(6), 989-995.
Tuthill, Z., Denney, J.T., and Gorman, B. (2017). Racial disparities in health and health behaviors among gay, lesbian, bisexual and heterosexual men and women in the BRFSS-SOP. Ethnicity & Health: 1-1.
Ouyand, H. April 13, 2017. “A Transgender Learning Gap in the Emergency Room.” The New York Times.
Supplemental Readings
Bird CI, Rieker PP. Gender matters: an integrated model for understanding men’s and women’s health. Soc Sci Med. 1999;48: 745-755.
Gorman BK, Read JG. Gender Disparities in Adult Health: An Examination of Three Measures of Morbidity. J Health Soc Behav. 2006;47(2):95-110.
Halkitis PN. Obama, marriage equality, and the health of gay men. Am J Public Health. 2012 Sep;102(9):1628-9.
Dehart DD. Breast health behavior among lesbians: the role of health beliefs, heterosexism, and homophobia. Women Health. 2008;48(4):409-27.
Mansdotter A, Lindholm L, Lundberg M, Winkvist A, and Ohman A. Parental share in public and domestic spheres: A population study on gender equality, death and sickness. J Epidemiol Comm Health. 2006;60:616-620.
Herrick AL, Stall R, Chmiel JS, Guadamuz TE, Penniman T, Shoptaw S, Ostrow D, Plankey MW. It gets better: resolution of internalized homophobia over time and associations with positive health outcomes among MSM. AIDS Behav. 2013 May;17(4):1423-30.
* please choose three article for references