The Pathophysiology of Emphysema

Clinical Judgment – the thinking process that builds on the nursing process (A.D.P.I.E.). Answer the following questions using the textbook, UpToDate, etc. The questions follow the clinical judgement outline in the textbook.
Clinical judgment is defined as the observed outcome of critical thinking and decision-making. It is an iterative process that uses nursing knowledge to observe and assess presenting situations, identify a prioritized client concern, and generate the best possible evidence-based solutions in order to deliver safe client care. (NCSBN definition)
For the patient who is admitted for Empyema diagnosis. Fill the following table as you do last time. Source mayo clinic and khan acadamy
Citation (APA format) FORMTEXT      
F. Assessment: Recognize Cues
1 Which data matters most? Dyspnea where the patient will present it with the use of accessory muscles during breathing together with cyanosis observed in the fingernails or patient’s lips and flaring of the nostrils.
2 Which data findings matter most during this hospitalization? Chest pain experienced when breathing.
Diminished breath sounds during auscultation.
Shortness of breath.
3 Which data is not relevant? Excessive sweating.
* Why is it not relevant? It indicates mild empyema and may be a symptom of other conditions.
Information will come from different sources (e.g. signs, symptoms, medical history, etc).
(4 pts)

G. Analysis: Analyze Cues and Prioritize Hypotheses
Review the relevant data.
1 Which data is consistent with:
* Admitting diagnosis – difficulty in breathing and cyanosis.
Diminished breath sounds.
2 What are potential complications the patient is at risk for based on the assessment data? Developing scarring in the pleura and fibrosis leading to adhesions, compromised lung compliance and restrictive lung diseases. Infections.
3 What are two priority problems? Difficulty in breathing and compromised lung compliance.
(4 pts)

H. Planning & Implementation: Generate Solutions and Take Action
1 What are the nursing interventions for the expected outcome? Coughing techniques...