Power Distance, Universalism vs. Particularism, and Disney Land Operations

LITERACY CASE STUDY
By
Course Name
Professor’s Name
University
City, State
Date of Submission
Literacy Case Study
Question One
Power distance is one of the components of Hofstede’s model, which can be used to describe the cultural difference between France and the United States. The element of power distance measures the probability of society’s lower class to accept the ruling by leaders of the same society (AndrijauskienД— and DumДЌiuvienД— 2017, p. 193). The significance cultural difference between these two countries is that the United States index of power distribution is low compared with that of France. In the case study, the gap between management and subordinates is apparent because management in Disney is forcing French employees to accept American culture. 
Uncertainty Avoidance is another element of Hofstede’s theory, which is a measure of the degree to which people feel threatened by equivocal situations (AndrijauskienД— and DumДЌiuvienД— 2017, p. 193). The other cultural difference is that in the United States, the Uncertainty Avoidance Index is much lower than in France as indicated by a huge number of French people visiting Euro Disneyland despite its American theme, showing that these people are highly ambiguous. 
Individualism is a component that indicates the strength of the ties one has to others within their society. Both countries have a high IDV score. By forcing strict appearance code such as banned beards or mustaches and short hairs, French people felt insulted about their customs.
Masculinity vs Femininity: The United States has a higher Index score as far as masculinity is concerned, meaning success and money are much emphasized (Irfan 2016, p. 1164). On the contrary, France has a low masculinity index as revealed in the case study because when the Euro Disneyland opened in France, French people emphasized much on cooperation and modesty rather than success. In other words they are more consensus-oriented.
Question Two
Trompenaars used various aspects explained below.
Universalism versus Particularism: universalistic nations put less emphasis on relationships and more on formal rules. Its practices and ideas can be applied anywhere with alterations (Dulebohn and Hoch 2017, p. 571). Since the United States usually ignore cultures of other countries, it can be termed to be universalistic. On the other hand, France is more of particularistic because it emphasizes more on relationships than formal rules.
Neutral vs. Emotional: A neutral culture is composed of individuals who can control their emotions. People in such a community can maintain their composure and do not show their feelings (Vaiman and Brewster 2015, p. 152). On the contrary, an emotional culture has people who can express their feelings freely and openly. Both countries have emotional cultures.
Specific versus Diffuse: A country with specific culture has a large public space and can allow people from other cultures to enter and share the space. In the United States, there is a strong separation between professional and private lives. A diffuse culture has equal sized private and public spaces. France possesses a diffuse culture because ...