Classical and/or Operant Conditioning

Annotated Bibliography
Your Name
Subject and Section
Professor’s Name
Date
Agar, G., Oliver, C., & Richards, C. (2022). Direct assessment of overnight parent-child proximity in children with behavioral insomnia: Extending models of operant and classical conditioning. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/15402002.2022.2076681
This article explores the assessment of parent-child proximity during sleep in children with behavioral insomnia and extends the understanding of operant and classical conditioning models. The study aimed to investigate the role of parent-child proximity as a potential maintaining factor in behavioral insomnia (Agar et al., 2022).
Using direct observation methods, the researchers assessed the overnight proximity between parents and children during sleep in a sample of children with behavioral insomnia. The study found that parent-child proximity during sleep was significantly higher in children with behavioral insomnia compared to typically developing children. The findings suggest that parent-child proximity may serve as a reinforcing mechanism in children with behavioral insomnia, potentially perpetuating sleep difficulties (Agar et al., 2022).
The study may be used in the summative research because it reflects the similarities and differences between classical and operant conditioning. In this article, classical and operant conditioning models are extended and applied to the study of behavioral insomnia in children. Similarities between the two conditioning models include their relevance in understanding the maintaining factors of behavioral insomnia and their potential impact on sleep patterns. Both models suggest that parent-child proximity during sleep can serve as a reinforcing mechanism in children with behavioral insomnia. However, the specific mechanisms differ: classical conditioning focuses on the association between parent-child proximity and sleep difficulties, while operant conditioning examines how proximity patterns may be reinforcing and perpetuating sleep problems. These distinctions provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of behavioral insomnia in children (Agar et al., 2022).
Arican, C., Bulk, J., Deisig, N., & Nawrot, M. P. (2020). Cockroaches show individuality in learning and memory during classical and operant conditioning. Frontiers in Physiology, 10, 1539. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01539
The aim of the study was to determine whether cockroaches exhibit individual differences in their learning and memory capabilities, similar to other animal species. The researchers conducted classical conditioning experiments where cockroaches were exposed to specific odors paired with either a sugar reward or a mild electric shock. The cockroaches were then tested to see if they associated the odor with the respective stimulus (Arican et al., 2020).
The study's findings indicated significant individual differences in the learning and memory abilities of cockroaches. Some cockroaches demonstrated consistent and efficient learning, quickly associating the odor with the appropriate stimulus, while others exhibited slower learning or inconsistent responses. These individual differences were observed in ...