TO WHAT EXTENT DID THE OPERATION IVY BELLS END THE COLD WAR

RESEARCH PROPOSAL
This assignment seeks to help you properly focus and plan your work to minimize wasted effort or academic blunders. Use this template to complete your research proposal worth 10 percent of your grade. All written submissions must be readable and neat. Students must use a consistent format to include the following:
Typewritten in double-spaced, in a scholarly writing style, free from errors in spelling, punctuation, grammar, diction, and English usage.
Times New Roman 12-point font,
One inch margins (top, bottom, sides),
Use parenthetical citations and author-date references, not footnotes. Follow Chicago Style Manuals’ parenthetical (or author-date) system – refer to the APUS On-Line Library for more information.
A total of five (5) pages. Please disregard any other instructions you may see regarding the length of the proposal for assignment #2. Your proposal for assignment #2 should NOT BE MORE THAN 7 PAGES.
DUE: On Week Four, students will submit a research proposal including a research question, a thesis, and evaluation criteria. The proposal shall include six properly formatted sources, at least two of which must be peer-reviewed. Lastly, please name your proposal as follows: lastname.first.intl507.proposal.doc In addition to the template and the guidance provided below, I have provided an actual example of a sample research proposal completed for this course below.
Sample Research Proposal
RESEARCH PROPOSAL: WITH A TITLE BASED ON TOPIC
Generic Student Smith
INTL 507 – Intelligence Operations
April X, 202X
Introduction - The topic must lend itself to the formulation of a research question about which reasonable people disagree. You must be able to develop a research question that does not have a yes/no or fact based answer. The question must also lead to the formulation of a causal explanation, not just a narrative. It should help you in the development of a suitable thesis. In your search for topics, make sure that you can research it based on the resources available. This includes the web, the APUS online library and any other resources at your disposal. It should be a topic that you can realistically research in seven weeks. Lastly, ensure that you are familiar with the methods needed to perform the research. You can visit the APUS Library study guide for the Intelligence Studies or National Security programs, or the one the INTL507 for topic ideas and research tools. You can also go here for some assistance in developing a topic.
PROBLEM/RESEARCH QUESTION: Present a clear statement of the issue you will investigate. What is the specific research question that your study will address? What is the puzzle? A question that can help you find “problem” with your topic is “What is this an instance of?” This question intends to get you to the heart of the matter on a particular issue; something that is not always readily apparent. For assistance, you can visit the APUS library guide on how to develop a research question.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY - Delineate the significance of the problem, e.g., what knowledge will your research create, what gaps in our knowledge will it help fill, how the results may be applied to improve existing policy or procedures, etc. Why should we care? This is where you explain the "so what" of your work.
THESIS STATEMENT: This is a concise articulation of your argument. It will lay out a basic roadmap of your paper. What do you propose as the answer to the research question? It must be logically connected to the research question. Here is an interesting link that can help you with this- https://explorable(dot)com/how-to-write-a-hypothesis
A NOTE ABOUT REVIEWED SOURCES: The issue of sources is significant for this class because a number of them are subject to significant criticism. This means that you should scrutinize your sources. You should start with books and peer review material (go to the following link for a quick overview of What does "peer-reviewed" mean?, or this one for some help on How do I find peer-reviewed journals or articles?). The APUS library can help you engage in effective Open Web Searching and Deep Web Searching. If you are not sure about the reliability of a source, there is a resource that can help you evaluate the sources you find. You can use the CRAAP test (see this library link for Evaluating Information – Applying the CRAAP Test)[‡]. Here is also a CRAAP Test Worksheet[§] to help you on that. Do not engage in a literature review for this assignment. That will be for the next assignment in week 6. In the meantime, you can visit the APUS guide for Writing a Literature Review.
EVALUATION METHODS: In this section, you should discuss the methods or criteria that you intend to use to evaluate the case. As noted before, there are a number of ways to evaluate the cases. Consider the approaches mentioned in Meharg (2009), as well as the applicability to the national interest as discussed in Neuchterlein (2001). You can also use the criteria stated in Lesson 1:
What is the objective of the operation? Is there an overriding policy imperative or is it a mission to gain access to the adversary’s information?
What oversight or legal review occurred during the planning of the operation? Was this oversight useful?
Who or which organization is accountable for the operation? What turf issues arose prior to, or during the operation?
What resources were necessary to successfully carry out the operation? Were these resources available and were they placed in support of the operation?
What is the cost/benefit analysis of this operation? Weigh the risks of the operation, especially if/when the operation is exposed publicly.
In evaluating the operation, what objectives were achieved and what unintended consequences occurred?
You can also visit the APUS guide on Research Methods. It will provide you more substantive information. Since most of you will use qualitative methods for this piece, you should visit the APUS guide on such methods. The library also provides tips and resources for Writing a Qualitative Research Report, including a Style Guides section. Lastly, look at the bibliography provided at the end of this assignment for useful sources.
REFERENCES: List your references using Chicago Style Manual parenthetical author-date system (see APUS On-Line Library for more information). Make sure to use a hanging indent for references. Here are a few citation examples:
(García Márquez 1988, 242–55)
(Kelly 2010, 77)
(Weinstein 2009, 440; Stolberg and Pear 2010)
Here are some reference examples:
García Márquez, Gabriel. 1988. Love in the Time of Cholera. Translated by Edith Grossman. London: Cape.
Kelly, John D. 2010. “Seeing Red: Mao Fetishism, Pax Americana, and the Moral Economy of War.” In Anthropology and Global Counterinsurgency, edited by John D. Kelly, Beatrice Jauregui,
Sean T. Mitchell, and Jeremy Walton, 67–83. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Weinstein, Joshua I. 2009. “The Market in Plato’s Republic.” Classical Philology 104:439–58.
Stolberg, Sheryl Gay, and Robert Pear. 2010. “Wary Centrists Posing Challenge in Health Care Vote.” New York Times, February 27. Accessed February 28, 2010.
http://www(dot)nytimes(dot)com/2010/02/28/us/politics/28health.html. If you have a problem finding the proper format for references, you can go tohttps://www(dot)library(dot)georgetown(dot)edu/tutorials/research-guides/turabian-paren-guide https://owl(dot)english(dot)purdue(dot)edu/owl/section/2/ http://www(dot)tntemple(dot)edu/application/files/Seminary%20docs/Turabian_Tutor_8th_ed_TTU_5.15.14.pdf (This link only works if you copy and paste it into a new window in your browser.)This link will take you to complete Chicago Manual of Style via the APUS library:http://www(dot)chicagomanualofstyle(dot)org(dot)ezproxy2(dot)apus(dot)edu/tools_citationguide.html List of References
Bose, Ranjit. 2008. "Competitive Intelligence Process and Tools for Intelligence Analysis." Industrial Management and Data Systems 108: 510-528.Cooper, Jeffrey R. 2005. Curing Analytic Pathologies: Pathways to Improved Intelligence Analysis. Center for the Study of Intelligence. https://www(dot)cia(dot)gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/books-and-monographs/curing-analytic-pathologies-pathways-to-improved-intelligence-analysis-1/analytic_pathologies_report.pdf
George, Alexander. 1979. “Case Studies and Theory Development: The Method of Structured, Focused Comparison,” in Diplomacy: New Approaches in History, Theory and Policy.
Paul Gordon Lauren, Ed. NY: Free Press.----- and Andrew Bennett. 2005. Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Goertz, Gary. 2006. Social Science Concepts: A User’s Guide. Princeton: Princeton University Press.----- and James Mahoney, 2005. “Two-level Theories and Fuzzy Logic.” Sociological Methods & Research 33(4)(May): 497-538.----- 2006. “Concepts in Theories: Two-Level Theories” in Social Science Concepts: A User’s Guide. Gary Goertz, Ed. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Heuer, Richards J. Jr. 1999. Psychology of Intelligence Analysis. Center for the Study of Intelligence. https://www(dot)cia(dot)gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/books-and-monographs/psychology-of-intelligence-analysis/PsychofIntelNew.pdf
Honig, Arthur. 2007. "A New Direction for Theory-Building in Intelligence Studies." International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence: 699-716.
Landon-Murray, Michael. 2011. "Social Science and Intelligence Analysis: The Role of Intelligence Education." Journal of Applied Security Research: 491-528.Lijphart, Arend. 1971. “Comparative Politics and the Comparative Method.” The American Political Science Review 65(3)(Sep.): 682-693.
Mahoney, James. 1999. “Nominal, Ordinal, and Narrative Appraisal in Macro-causal Analysis.” American Journal of Sociology 104: 154-96.----- and Dietrich Rueschemeyer. 2003. Comparative-Historical Analysis in the Social Sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Marrin, Stephen. 2012. "Is Intelligence Analysis an Art or Science?" International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence: 529-545.
Meharg, Sarah Jane. 2009. “Measuring Effectiveness in Complex Operations: What is Good Enough?” Prepared for the Canadian Defence & Foreign Affairs Institute, Calgary, AB. http://www(dot)cdfai(dot)org/PDF/Measuring%20Effectiveness%20in%20Complex%20Operations.pdfMoore, Will. 2001. Evaluating Theory in Political Science. Tallahassee: Florida State University.Nuechterlein, Donald E. 2001. “Defining U.S. National Interests: An Analytical Framework.” In America Recommitted: A Superpower Assesses Its Role in a Turbulent World, by Donald E. Neuchterlein. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
Przeworski, Adam and Henry Teune. 1970. The Logic of Comparative Social Inquiry. NY: Wiley-Interscience.Svendsen, Adam. 2009. “Connecting Intelligence and Theory: Intelligence Liaison and International Relations.” Intelligence and National Security (24)(5)(October): 700-729.Turabian, Kate. 2007. A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, 7th Ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Yin, Robert K. 2009. Case Study Research: Design and Methods, 4th Ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
[*] This is a website with DOC links from the University of Oregon's Teaching and Learning Center.
[†] Please note that “literature” is not the same as “literary.” In this context, the term relates to relevant works that have engaged in peer-reviewed analysis of the subject. It is not about works of fiction.
[‡] Material provided by the CSU at Chico Library.
[§] Handout provided by the Juniata College Library.