Greek and Roman. Babylon, the most popular city in Mesopotamia

Babylon
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Babylon, the most popular city in Mesopotamia in ancient days, derived its name from bavi-il – an Akkadian language, which means the gate of gods. Babylon was a city located in Mesopotamia whose ruins are in modern days located in modern-day Iraq, specifically about 94 kilometers southwest of Baghdad. In the Bible, Babylon is one of the most mentioned cities. Under the leadership of Hammurabi, Babylon grew to become of the most recognized cities in the ancient times. It is however important to note that the existing Biblical evidence suggest forced exile for Jewish in this city. The literature aims at examining the cultures that lived in Babylon, when the city started and when it ended, the existing scholarly work about the city and different artifacts within the city
There are different sources of information about the Babylon such as the bible this information sparked interest to the archaeologists from all over the world on Mesopotamia. Robert Koldewey – a German archaeologist, was the first archaeologist to carry out excavations of the Babylon ruins back in 1899CE. Babylon is also known for its robust architecture with strong buildings and walls, strong leaders who brought whole new civilization methods and new rules such as the Mosaic law, the hanging Gardens of Babylon which surprisingly were man-made and water machinery. Additionally, these unique developments add up the interesting archaeological sites that archaeologists worked and still work hard to uncover all the details of the ancient city.[Christopher Torchia, 2008. "Iraq: Can ancient Babylon be rescued?" November 11. Accessed November 5, 2019.] [Tala Jarjour, 2019. "Ancient Babylon continues to inspire." July 15. Accessed November 5, 2019.]
Babylon was founded about 4000 years ago, during the reign of Sargon the Great and it was located on the Euphrates River. Initially, it was only a port town but later developed to be a historical city of ancient times. Babylon was also headed by Hammurabi for several centuries before the Neo-Babylonian Empire was established. The new Babylon was wider than the old one and spread all the way from the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. It was at the period of the Neo-Babylon Empire that the city became very rich and sprung into a lavish and beautiful pace with strong buildings and well-protected walls for protection. It is believed that ancient city was lost after the rising of the water levels which submerging part of the city. The Babylonians had a very rich culture, river Euphrates flowed in the city, dividing it into two parts and it was very advantageous to the city as it enabled farming and provided different types of foods and in plenty.[Joshua J. Mark, 2011. "Babylon." April 28. Accessed November 5, 2019.]
Babylon came to an end in 331 B.C.E. when it surrendered to the king of Macedonia Alexander the Great after a series of fights and long periods of was. Alexander the Great was fully aware of the city's privileges and immediately ordered the restoration of the temple, allowed the use of coins, and even constructed a harbor that enhanced trade with other kingdoms. However, Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C.E. in Nebuchadnezzar's palace, where he had planne...