Challenges Managers or Leaders Face and Recommendations on Dealing with Them

Leadership and Management Portfolio
Name
Institution
Due Date
Leadership and Management Portfolio
Introduction
Leadership and management are needed to run organizations. Both play a crucial role in ensuring that staff members do what is expected. Marketing relies heavily on leadership and management. The paper will focus on six topics: underpinnings of management (classical and empirical theories), motivation (Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and Herzberg’s two-factor theory), leadership (laissez-faire and the great man theory), situational leadership (Fiedler’s contingency theory and the Hersey-Blanchard model.), recruitment and selection, and team dynamic and toxic leadership. The topics and theories will demonstrate what marketers need to do to achieve better results. The paper will explore each topic with key themes/theories/models. Each topic will outline the challenges managers or leaders face and recommendations on dealing with them.
Topic 1: Underpinnings of Management
The chosen theories of management include classical and empiricist. Classical theory management emerged during the Industrial Revolution to address problems related to the factory system. Managers were faced with an increasing level of labor dissatisfaction. The assumption was that workers had only physical and economic needs. Managers did not consider other factors like social needs or job dissatisfaction. The theory advocates for the specialization of labor, organizational hierarchy, and incentives (Őnday, 2016). Specialization entails viewing the workplace as an assembly line view where tasks are broken down into smaller ones that are easy to accomplish. The hierarchical structure divides the management into distinct layers. At the top are the owners and executives who set the business’s long-term objectives. The middle management oversees the implementation of the organizational goals. The workers form the lowest level and manage the day-to-day activities. The classical theory considers that employees are motivated by financial rewards. It indicates that staff will work harder and become more productive where they are awarded incentives based on the work done. On the other hand, the empirical school considers management a study of experience (Hossain, 2014). Here, managers are required to analyze the experience of successful managers or the mistakes of poor managers and learn how to implement effective management. After learning the experience, managers are expected to transfer the knowledge to practitioners and students.
The seminar activity for the topic is a case study of Ellie and The Oasis Concert. A line manager required advice on dealing with Ellie, a member of his department, who was absent from work the day before. Ellie has indicated that she had a “stomach upset” and could not attend work. However, evidence suggests that she participated in a music concert featuring Oasis. The line manager wants input on how to deal with the issue, considering that it has implications for the organization in terms of precedence. The empirical school can solve the problem by considering how the organization has dealt with a similar issue in the past. It would also be important to study how other organizations...