Purpose of Philosophy for Berlin and Socrates' Response in The Apology

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Question 1
According to Isaiah Berlin, there is a difference in how philosophy and empirical sciences, mathematics, and logic address questions. Berlin philosophy, addressing questions in both factual and formal aspects, has a specialized method that, once followed directs one to the correct answer. Contrary philosophical questions are answered differently from mathematical, logical, and empirical science questions since they do not follow a specific method or technique nor can one take an experiment or reduce from an empirical observation. Philosophical questions, therefore, do not have a definitive answer. Philosophy has the purpose of exploring and providing solutions to complex fundamental questions that lack definitive answers from empirical science, logic, or mathematics. Philosophy study involves the use of common sense, beliefs, and the natural sciences methods. It provides a view of how matters of a considerable degree without experience are conceived or classified. Philosophy is, therefore, crucial as it helps individuals to engage intellectually with questions by considering the beliefs, values, and different ideas that have been historically put through. 
Question 2
Socrates poses the question: “Do the gods love the pious because it is pious, or is it pious because the gods love it?” This is after Euthyphro asserts that the gods love piousness (or piety), a dilemma on morality that questions the relationship between the gods and moral values. The pious have some characteristics that are recognized and liked by the gods, and Euthyphro states, “What is dear to the gods is pious, what is not is impious.” Hence, the alternative is that the gods love the pious. The second alternative states that the pious is pious because the gods love it, giving the implication that if the gods stop liking something, then it ceases to be pious. Thus, morality changes with how the gods like or dislike something. According to Socrates, the alternatives contradict that what might seem moral might not be favored by certain gods. Thus, a philosophical question on what is naturally pious and how morality relates to pious. 
Question 3
Socrates responds to the accusations of corrupting the young through an apology. Socrates approa...