Political Parties in Non-Democratic Countries

Name:
Course:
Institution:
Date:
1. Political parties are groups of organized individuals that acquire and exercise political power. The parties exist in different types depending on distinct characteristics, region or country of origin. One of the major types of political parties is Cadre parties (Duverger). The parties are dominated by elite groups of activists, with political institutions. These parties originated in Europe and America in the 19th Century. Various countries like France and the German empire had Cadre political parties in 1848 and 1871 respectively (Duverger). These parties promoted partiality and inequality in various ways. Although some voters in the countries were rendered the right of participating in elections, the significant parts of the demographics were just spectators in the event. However, the United States instituted different political parties, rendering the citizens freedom and a deep sense of equality (Duverger). The population involving federalists, anti-federalists and republicans belonged to the liberal family since they shared similar political ideologies. The conservatives’ type of political party is termed as the origin of civilization in the United States (Duverger). Non-democratic countries do not have political parties and they hold elections under the dominance of a consultative assembly.
2. While in a presidential system the executive leader is directly voted by in by the people or a body selected and elected for the purpose of electing the president, in a parliamentary system the executive leader is elected directly from the legislative body. The president in presidential system has different beliefs from the legislative body and the latter cannot interfere with their operations (Stack Exchange Inc.). For example, Mexico implements the presidential system. In this case, enacting legislation in the system is a little bit complicated that in the parliamentary system. The president has a task of responding to the people only and the legislative body cannot do anything to control the actions of the leader. In this case, the legislative branch finds it difficult to control the system. On the other hand, the event of the parliamentary system disliking a prime minister can lead to tremendous impact of the current leadership patterns (Stack Exchange Inc.). The result may be the parliament casting votes of lack of confidence on the leader to replace him (Stack Exchange Inc.). For instance, a country using the parliamentary is Germany. In this case, the legislative leader has to be submissive to the parliament. The prime minister cannot make any ultimate decisions in the leadership system.
3. Political realism is an assumption that various fundamental relations between nations exists as a state of nature. In this case, incidences like war between nations are assumed to be permanent or rather expected by the independent countries. The issue could have been worse were it not for the power of the government ...