Electoral Systems Essay. Social Sciences Assignment.

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Electoral Systems
Choosing an electoral system is considered to be among the essential institutional choices for all democracies. A voting or electoral system can be defined as a collection of rules and guidelines that dictate how referendums and elections are done together with results determination (Herron, Erik, Pekkanen, and Shugart 2). The chosen specific electoral system is capable of potentially affecting a country's political life future. In most cases, once electoral systems have been selected, they remain constant for a more extended period because political interests respond to and consolidate around the incentives they present. Although the conscious construction is currently more prevalent, traditionally, it was rare for voting systems to deliberately and consciously be chosen. Governments organize political voting systems while informal organizations, non-profit companies, and business settings may be responsible for non-political voting systems. This essay compares and contrasts the US electoral system with that of different European states and discusses the authoritarian and dictatorial systems explaining why any nation should not revisit them.
In this century's early years, the worldwide movement advocating for democratic governance since the 1980s-1990s created a new need while searching for appropriate representing institutions enduring models and electoral systems fresh re-evaluation has significantly increased. The comprehension that political institutions' decisions can significantly influence the more comprehensive electoral or voting system has encouraged this process. Today electoral systems are seen as the most powerful among political institutions with essential to governance broader issues. Electoral systems govern all voting process aspect; elections timing, the persons allowed to vote or be a candidate, how marking and casting of ballots should be done, ballots counting process, how to translate votes to election results, campaign spending limit, and any other aspect capable of influencing elections outcome (Herron, Erik. Pekkanen, and Shugart 4). Political voting systems are outlined by the electoral laws and constitutions, overseen by commissions created for election, and can differ in terms of using several election types for distinctive offices or posts.
Us Electoral System
In the US the vice president and the president are elected indirectly were the citizens who are registered as voters in Washington DC or either of the US fifty states cast their ballots not necessarily for those posts but for electoral college members. These members are then supposed to cast electoral votes, which are the direct votes for president and their vice. The running candidate who gets the electoral vote's majority, which should be a minimum of 270 votes out of the total 538, becomes the winner of that specific office. The representative's house can elect the president only if none of the vying candidates gets the most votes for the position. On the other hand, the Senate elects the vice president if nobody gets a majority of the votes. Article II defines the procedure of the Electoral College in the constitution of the US. The state legislature is responsible fo...