Iternational relations theory. Social Sciences Essay

International Relations Theory
Name:
Course:
Tutor:
University:
City and State:
Date:
International Relations Theory
Just War Theory
The just war theory represents the philosophy through which guides may be provided to states in cases of possible conflict. Under this theory, the taking of human life presents a serious problem due to the moral issues concerned with it (Luban, 2017, 433). However, in cases of conflict, the just war theory provides guidance on the conditions in which war may be considered and how it may be fought in such circumstances. Consequently, the theory aims to prevent conflict rather than provide justifications, thus encourages the pursuit of different options first. The theory can, therefore, provide both a legal and morally right reason for a state to engage in war.
Furthermore, the just war theory does not justify the taking of life but instead values human life as a moral aspect of society. However, states have the role and duty to protect its citizens from external threats. Therefore, while protecting the lives of its citizens lies at the core of state functions, protecting moral values supersedes the right to life. Violence and war can thus be used to protect these rights hence ensuring that justice is served under such conditions (Luban, 2017, 435). War can only be allowed in instances where it becomes the last resort, and all other options become unviable among the states involved. Consequently, a war, in this case, is not perceived as an ethical or moral option but rather a lesser evil in combating a perceived wrong.
On the other hand, classical realism represents the philosophy that all states seek power in a bid to satisfy their national interests. Consequently, states must invest in systems that provide an edge over others to ensure they can have the necessary power (Porter, 2016, 240). Therefore, the goal under classical realism involves the accumulation of power by the state to ensure that enemies cannot cope. A state perceived to possess more power than the other may be considered as a threat, thus leading to an instance of war in a bid to create a balance of power. In such a case, the cases of conflict become inevitable due to the constant need to strengthen internal security systems while protecting their national interests. A good example refers to the increased build-up of military personnel and gear by states to ensure adequate self-defence. This leads to an arms race with different states struggling to ramp up their military strengths hence increasing the level of insecurity. Such unchecked situations can ultimately lead to war is they can escalate to unmanageable levels.
Views on Anarchy
Structural ...