This essay discusses how nurses should behave and not behave around dementia, anxiety, autism, and bipolar disorder patients to manage their challenging behaviour in the hospital.

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This essay discusses how nurses should behave and not behave around dementia, anxiety, autism, and bipolar disorder patients to manage their challenging behaviour in the hospital.
Dementia
Patients who have dementia may experience a combative stage of dementia caused by the damage happening in their brain, making them lash out when afraid, frustrated, angry, or in pain or discomfort. Nurses can deal with dementia patients with aggressive behaviour by preparing themselves with realistic expectations. They should also identify potential causes of the patient’s outburst and try managing and minimizing occurrences that trigger them (Monthaisong 2018). When dealing with complex dementia patients, it is essential to validate their feelings and reassure them in a gentle tone to avoid escalating the situation. Providing calm environments for the patient, for example, playing their favourite music, could also help them calm down. However, nurses should avoid making comments such as "let me help you," which may be innocent but may be interpreted as limiting the patient's independence, which may trigger a distressing behavior.
Anxiety
Anxiety disorder patients can exhibit panic without reason, unjustified fear of objects, or unexplained worry causing them extreme perplexity over time. Nurses often encounter anxious patients. To manage anxiety patients, nurses need first to assess the patient's anxiety level to determine efficient interventions. The nurse should then create and sustain a trusting connection by paying attention to the patient, continuously reassure the patient of their safety and security, take the patient to a calm environment with minimal provocation, and provide reassurance and comfort measures. (Aviram et al., 2016). Nurses should avoid telling patients to relax but instead focus on showing them how to relax by giving specific directions such as “breathe in through your nose and out through your mouth.”
Autism
Autistic patients sometime...