English Engineer John Smeaton's Experimental Method

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Summary
The article "English engineer John Smeaton's experimental method(s): Optimization, hypothesis testing, and exploratory experimentation" offers a definite explanation of the experimental methods of John Smeaton, who was an eighteenth-century engineer. Morris aimed at analyzing Smeaton's work based on the current research on philosophy and the history of science. The analysis of Smeaton's work begins with applying parameter variation and the objectives of the methodology he used in researching hydraulic mortars, windmills, and waterwheels. Morris identified the methodological targets as optimization, hypothesis testing, and generation. The article's primary objective is to explain why the work of Smeaton is not just limited to engineering methods, and Morris achieves this by arraying Smeaton's artisanal approaches. Morris argues that John's approach was instrumental in linking the disconnection between technology and science via integration of exploratory experimentation and test of hypothesis. Morris' point stems from how Smeaton accentuated his exploratory work on Philosophical Transactions. Morris discovers that the hypothesis test is congruent with exploratory experimentation through his research on Smeaton's work and other recent research related to the topic.[Andrew M. Morris, "English engineer John Smeaton's experimental method(s): Optimization, hypothesis testing and exploratory experimentation," Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 89 (2021): 284, doi:10.1016/j.shpsa.2021.07.004.]
Argument
The primary argument of Morris is that Smeaton's approach bridged the disconnect between technology and science by applying both exploratory experimentation and hypothesis testing. Morris's argument is based on Smeaton's emphasis on his exploratory work on Philosophical Transactions, contrary to his attention on the architect of the Eddystone lighthouse. Morris's assertion on the connection between science and technology in Smeaton's work gets support from Musson and Robinson, who claimed that science played an integral role in the early industrial revolution. Morris also argues that the experimental approach used by Smeaton wa...