Educational Inequality Faced by Migrant Children in China

Educational Inequality Faced By Migrant Children in China Student's Name
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To: Ministry of educational
From: The Team
Subject: Policy alternative to increase migrant children's access to higher education in Shanghai

Executive Summary
Migrant children face social discrimination and exclusion from higher education in Shanghai due to the Hukou system (Fu & Ren, 2010). The political feasibility and evaluative criteria will be used to identify the best alternative to address this problem. Specifically, four alternatives will be analyzed, including granting a temporary Shanghai Hukou by developing a Merit-based evaluation program, lowering the tuition by subsidizing private schools, establishing new migrant schools, and status quo or leaving the situation continue. After comparing the strengths and tradeoffs of each alternative, this memo finds that establishing a new migrant schools program is the best-suited alternative to reduce the educational inequality faced by migrant children in China.
Unpacking the Problem of Educational Inequality Faced by Migrant Children in China
Inequality in education has been a topic of concern to all stakeholders in the education sector worldwide. In China, there are still some barriers that hinder education development, especially among migrant children. Some of the factors that are leading to this inequality problem are:
Strict Hukou restrictions: In china, every person has a registration document (hukou), which determines where a person can work, reside, where their children can go to school and what social benefits they can get (Liu, 2016). Most people with urban hukou are advantaged than those with rural hukou. Trying to change to an urban hukou is extremely difficult.
Children without Shanghai Hukou have to leave their parents: School resources are never equal between students with rural hukou and those with urban hukou, and as a result, kids do not have the same opportunities for better education (Chen & Feng, 2013). Most kids in rural areas are forced to move to urban areas where education resources are better, leaving their parents behind. A good number of migrant kids cannot attend public schools for the lack of HuKou; as a result, they move to private migrant schools far away from their parents.
Definition of criteria and evaluating policy alternatives operationalization
The criteria of vertical equity, implementation, and political feasibility will evaluate alternatives that address educational inequality faced by migrant children in China.
Evaluative Criteria: Equity and effectiveness will be used to assess available alternatives through evaluation. Equity means how the alternative solves the problem of educational inequality faced by migrant children in China. By measuring the reduction in inequality, the criterion of equity will encompass how the education system in China is impacted by policy (Corbin & Strauss, 2005). Operationalized equity will determine how every alternative increases the access for better and cheaper higher education in Shanghai by migrant children.
The Implementation criterion is used to measure how the alternative will be put into practice, o...