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6 pages/β‰ˆ1650 words
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10 Sources
Style:
APA
Subject:
Social Sciences
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Essay
Language:
English (U.S.)
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Topic:

Cultural Response Bias, Prevalence of Pain Symptoms and Conditions, and Multicultural Experiences

Essay Instructions:

Your response to each question should be 1- 1½ pages per question.
Your entire assignment should be 6-8 pages plus a title and reference page.
Studies show that people in countries such as Japan and Korea tend to evaluate themselves critically in surveys; they tend to consider self as not necessarily hard-working. Explain the reasons for such cultural response bias.
Native Americans and Alaska Natives report a higher prevalence of pain symptoms and painful conditions when compared with the general population of the United States. What is your understanding of these findings?
It is assumed that multicultural experiences foster the creative expansion of ideas. Consider expatriate artists and writers whose brilliant insights emerged when they left their homeland settled in a foreign country. Do you think that creativity can be sparked when a person is exposed to a foreign culture?
A study of samples in 32 countries showed that individualism was positively correlated with higher expressivity of emotions, especially happiness and surprise. Individualism was negatively correlated with expression of sadness. What is your understanding of these research findings?
In 1968, the DSM-II believed homosexuality to be a mental disorder. Years later, in the early 1970’s, the American Psychiatric Association voted on this belief. The majority vote won and, homosexuality was removed from the DSM. However, there are still some individuals who believe homosexuality is a mental disorder. What is your understanding?
Research shows that in Buddhist and Western societies may encourage two somewhat different types of motivation, namely “maximizing” and “satisfying.” Explain both briefly.

Essay Sample Content Preview:

Essay 1
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Introduction
As a societal force, culture fundamentally shapes our identities and significantly influences our perceptions, attitudes, behaviors, and experiences (Chiu & Cheng, 2017). According to Matsumoto and Juang (2009), this cultural lens, honed by various factors including history, socio-economic conditions, religion, geography, and more, guides individuals in interpreting the world, evaluating themselves, expressing emotions, responding to pain, perceiving sexuality, and fostering motivation.
Although, it is imperative to note that the cultural lens is not static but dynamic, continuously evolving to mirror societal changes and shifts (Inglehart & Baker, 2018). As we increasingly engage in global interactions, our cultural perspectives are continuously refined, reflecting exposure to diverse cultures and philosophies. According to Schwartz and Unger (2017), culture provides a general framework, but individual behaviors and attitudes within the same culture can vary significantly, emphasizing the nuanced relationship between culture and individual responses.
Question 1: Cultural Response Bias in Japan and Korea
Cultural constructs significantly shape self-perceptions. In East Asian cultures like Japan and Korea, humility and modesty are prized (Kim, 2017). These societies lean towards a collectivist perspective, placing the group's well-being above the individual's. Within such a cultural framework, acknowledging personal hard work and achievements can be perceived as immodest and disruptive to societal harmony, leading to self-effacing or modesty bias in self-evaluations (Kim, 2017). This tendency to underrate one's capabilities is not necessarily a reflection of a lack of self-esteem but rather a cultural etiquette that encourages humility and discourages boasting. However, when conducting cross-cultural research, it's essential to consider such cultural biases to ensure accurate interpretation of data.
The fundamental aspects of individual, collective, and relational self-concepts can explain people's behavior. The individual self-comprises unique characteristics that distinguish one person and another. The relational self focuses on attributes that are common among close people, while the collective self refers to features shared with ingroup members and separates the ingroup from outgroups. The cultural constructs in Japan and Korea highly value relationships and collectiveness. They collaborate and share responsibilities to achieve a common goal, and the end product is a communal win. Japan and Korea cultures value family relations and strive to maintain interpersonal relationships with their friends and family members. In addition, they are collectivists as they value communism. They are attached to social groups where members exercise their obligations, maintain traditions, and work together.
Question 2: Prevalence of Pain in Native Americans and Alaska Natives
Existing health disparities among different racial and ethnic groups are a pressing issue in the United States. Native Americans and Alaska Natives have reported higher rates of painful conditions, an issue stemming from so...
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