The use of typologies in various crimes

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1) The use of typologies in various crimes and cases of rape and child molestation are useful in many ways, but generally speaking, it is just an approximation or estimate of patterns that make a person or potential offender fit in a specific category of committing a crime. There are also advantages with using these typologies with regards to the risk management in choosing the correctional facilities that an inmate would be assigned to, as well as the treatment programming and strategy that will be beneficial for the offender. Aside from these, the typologies can also be used to determine the probability of the offender to commit a crime of the same nature. This is called the “acid test” by the researchers. Another advantage of typologies is its use during the process of solving the crime. Due to the presence of various observations, it is easy for confusion and misleading to arise, but with the typologies, these behavioral patterns can be organized in a way that will be useful in helping with the solving the case (Bartol & Bartol, 2017).
Among the advantages brought about by typologies, there are also some disadvantages that make it unreliable and should not be used as the only approach in identifying an offender. The typologies promote stereotyping of offenders which is not always accurate and can be unhealthy especially when used by non-professionals (Bartol & Bartol, 2017). These stereotypes made sometimes cannot be validated by enough support and is inadequate in considering the individual differences present per potential offender.
With these pros and cons mentioned, typologies can be used both in research and clinical purposes. Due to the low reliability and validity of typologies, there should be a continuous development for these to more accurately identify offenders and this can be done by bridging the gap between research and clinical practice, while also using the beneficial aspects of typologies in forensics.
2) The presence of gender socialization or the gender stereotypes including the norms and expectations for each gender group influenced the minimal research done on female sex offenders because even if these sexual offenses committed by females happen in reality, the society views these in a different light in comparison to sex offenses committed by males. The society most often focuses on the females being the victims of various crimes without much consideration regarding the possibility of the female population to commit similar crimes committed by males. The norm of females being expected nurturers a...