Behaviorism, Associations and Conditioning

Behaviorism, Associations and Conditioning
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Introduction
Learning and development are explained through different types of associations and conditioning. Classical conditioning links two stimuli to produce a new learned response or behavior. Operant conditioning associates a voluntary behavior and consequences, whereas observational learning entails observing other's behavior and mastering it (Bouton, 2018). All these associations and conditioning play a critical role in the development of new behaviors.
Classical and operant conditioning; Observational Learning
An example of classical conditioning is coming a parent coming every day with a baseball cap and then taking your kid to play. Over time, the child learns to associate the baseball cap with a trip to the field and will therefore get disappointed if not taken out to play (Bouton, 2018). Operant conditioning unlike classical conditioning uses rewards or punishments to reinforce behavior. Children are for example are punished for taking someone's property without borrowing and rewarded for doing good in class. Observational learning is when children master behavior by learning behaviors of those around them. A child for example with learns facial expressions or dance moves by observing their mothers or watching peers.
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