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Literature & Language
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REACTION PAPER. Professional and Ethical Issues of Counseling and Referring

Essay Instructions:

REACTION PAPER INSTRUCTIONS
Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to explore the professional and ethical issues of counseling and referring when dealing with counselor-client value differences.  
Directions:  To begin this assignment, you will need to access and read the following sources, the first 3 of which can be found in the Module/Week 2 Reading & Study folder:
1. Kocet and Herlihy’s article on values based ethical decisions: Kocet, M. M., & Herlihy, B. J. (2014). Addressing value‐based conflicts within the counseling relationship: A decision‐making model. Journal of Counseling & Development, 92(2), 180-186. 
2. The American Counseling Association’s (ACA) position on referrals: Martz, E., & Kaplan, D. (2014). New responsibilities when making referrals. Counseling Today, 57(4), 24-25. 
3.  Sells, J. N., & Hagedorn, W. B. (2016). CACREP accreditation, ethics, and the affirmation of both religious and sexual identities: A response to Smith and Okech. Journal of Counseling & Development, 94(3), 265-279. (For this article you need to focus on the material starting on page 273 at “Embracing the Tension of Humanity” to the end.) 
4. The “Problem/Population” list found on the next page below.
Your paper must be in current APA format including a title page, abstract and reference page. The paper should be 3-6 pages in length. (This does not include title page, abstract and reference page). Your paper must cite both articles. 
Divide your paper into the headings below and address each question under each heading: 
Summarize (1-2 pages)
In this section, summarize what you have read by condensing the three articles. Prove that you have comprehended the material by writing a clear, brief, summary of the main points of each source. A summarization is not a commentary; rather, it is an insightful précis of the longer, more elaborate article. It must provide a clear overview of the material. 
Reflect (1-2 pages)
In this section reflect on what you just read and answer the following questions:
Having read the articles, what new realizations and/or questions occurred for you? 
How do you feel about the ACA position of not referring clients based on value differences?
Because referrals based on value differences are not ethical under the American Counseling Associations (your profession) ethics codes, read the list below of common populations and problems encountered in counseling. What personal and professional dilemmas, around specific populations or problems, might this pose for you? 
Problem/Population List
____1. A person with fundamentalist religious beliefs.
____2. A woman who says that if she could turn her life over to Christ she would find peace.
____3. A person who shows little conscience development, is strictly interested in his/her own advancement, and uses others for personal gain.
____4. A gay or lesbian couple wanting to work on conflicts in their relationship.
____5. A man who wants to leave his wife and children for the sake of sexual adventures with other women.
____6. A woman who has decided to leave her husband and children to gain independence.
____7. A woman who has decided to get an abortion but wants to process her feelings around it.
____8. A teenager who is having unsafe sex and sees no problem with the behavior.
____9. A high school student who is sent to you by his parents because they suspect he is using drugs.
____10. A person who is very cerebral and is convinced that feelings are a private matter.
____11. A man who believes the best way to discipline his children is through spanking.
____12. An interracial couple coming for premarital counseling.
____13. A high school student who believes she is a lesbian and wants to discuss how to “come out” to her parents.
____14. A gay or lesbian couple wanting to adopt a child.
____15. A man who has found a way of cheating the system and getting more than his legal share of public assistance.
____16. A woman who comes with her husband for couples counseling while maintaining an extramarital affair.  ____17. A man who believes internet sex can be a creative way to express sexuality.
____18. A couple who believe that sex with multiple partners is okay.
____19. A man convicted of pedophilia and court-ordered for counseling.
____20. A woman who makes her living as an exotic dancer.
____21. A man convicted of domestic violence.
____22. A woman whose children have been removed by Child Protective Services.
____23. A man recently released from jail after serving a sentence for rape.
____24. A man with terminal cancer who wants to discuss stopping all treatment to hasten his death.
____25. A woman who believes in an egalitarian marriage. 
*Modified from Corey, G., Cory M.S., & Callanan, P. (2011). Issues and ethics in the helping professions, 8th ed. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Act (1-2 pages)
In this section put into action what you have just learned/realized as a result of the reading. Specifically address these questions:
What actions or changes are you going to make as a result of this information? 
Who and what might you consult to assist you in resolving any personal/professional dilemmas that remain for you?
After you have completed your paper, follow the steps below to submit your draft to Safe Assign,  for checking plagiarism, and your final copy to the grade book for grading: 
Step 1: Submit your paper via the SafeAssign draft link by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Thursday of Module/Week 2.
Step 2: Wait until the link indicates that SafeAssign has analyzed your paper and prepared a report. (For more information: https://wiki.umbc.edu/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=41191001).
Step 3: Evaluate the Safe Assign report by opening the report and looking at the highlighted sections of your paper. You will notice that SafeAssign often matches (highlights) on headings, titles, and references. These are not considered plagiarized. 
If you see matches on entire sentences or paragraphs that are not enclosed in quotation marks, then you have unintentionally plagiarized. You will need to go back and re-write those sections in your own words.
Step 4: Save your final paper as a Microsoft Word document using your name and assignment title, (e.g., Doe_J_reaction_paper), and submit the final paper to the grade book using the second assignment link. The final assignment is due by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday of Module/Week 2.
Step 5: Submit your completed paper to Tevera.

Essay Sample Content Preview:

Professional and Ethical Issues of Counseling and Referring
Student’s Name
Institution
Summary
The three articles talk about the issue of professional and ethical aspects of counseling and referring when dealing with counselor-client value differences. Kocet and Herlihy (2014) argue that professional counseling requires one to practice ethically while also abiding by the professional code of ethics as well as upholding the sacred covenant of ethical conduct and care. There is however the issue of determining what professional conduct by counselors entails. Martz and Kaplan (2014) believe that counselors should put the needs of their clients first before considering their personal needs. That means that any personal values that are not in line with the counseling goals of the client should be set aside. According to Sells and Hagedorn (2016), the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs allows for the accreditation of counselors so that they meet the required standards to prepare them to work with all client groups.
Kocet and Herlihy (2014) argue that the best way to address the value-based conflicts in this profession is to apply the CVCM model to help create a balance between personal values and professional needs. They also call for the integration of the ethical bracketing and the CVCM to help promote ethical practice. Martz and Kaplan (2014) call for the application of bracketing, where counselors set aside their personal values so that they can offer professional service to their clients. Sells and Hagedorn (2016) also call for the application of the CACREP to ensure that all counselors have the necessary accreditations that allow them to work with all client groups. The CACREP also helps ensure that there are counseling programs of religious or secular institutions to ensure everyone is kept on board.
Reflection
Having read the three articles, I could not help but come to new realizations of the emotive issue of personal beliefs and professional needs. I realized that once you have taken the oath of practice, it is essential that you set aside your feelings and apply your professionalism without any prejudice. I also realized that the idea of referrals might not work in the client’s best interests because it further puts pressure on the client, while the concept of counseling is to help reduce such stress.
The ACA position of not referring clients based on value differences is essential in the sense that it helps guarantee the client’s rights are upheld. ...
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