Basic Principles of DNA Profiling

DNA Profiling
Student's Name
Institutional Affiliation
Course Name
Professor Name
Due Date
DNA Profiling
Question 1
Determining an individual's identification by extracting and analyzing their sample of body tissue's unique DNA pattern is DNA profiling. DNA profiling can also determine the identities of a person's relatives and other family members. The first thing that needs to be done is to establish a person's identity and the relationships between them and their immediate family members and other relatives (MyHeritage, 2021). When a relationship needs to be proven, such as in immigration or paternity concerns, having documentation like this may be helpful. Second, it plays a role in determining whether or not an individual is a potential perpetrator. DNA evidence discovered at a crime scene or in the victim's sperm, in the case of a rape victim, can be used to identify a suspect positively (St. John, 2020). Thirdly, it can be used to identify those affected by natural disasters. Natural calamities such as tsunamis, earthquakes, and fires can render a person's physical body unrecognizable; however, DNA profiling may still assist in identifying them even under these circumstances (Wilson-Wilde et al., 2013). The procedure for the transplant is in its fourth stage. Completing a DNA compatibility test between the recipient of an organ transplant and the organ donor makes it feasible to decrease the probability that the transplanted organ will be rejected. The utilization of DNA profiling, which aids in the detection of hereditary issues in addition to human diseases, is an additional component that contributes to making the study of population genetics more accessible. It can monitor the interactions among the population and any adjustments. In the same manner that the benefits of DNA profiling may be thought of, its applications can be thought of differently.
On the other hand, it could have a few drawbacks in some circumstances. The first issue is that DNA testing is prone to making mistakes due to the involvement of humans. DNA profiling is susceptible to contamination, whether by accident or on purpose. This does not exonerate the suspect but instead gives the impression that the likelihood of his guilt is higher than it should be. The second problem is one of concern around DNA ownership rights. Many people give up their legal rights when they send in their samples, so providing the producers of DNA kits permission to store their data in a massive database accessible to the general public. Disclosing one's DNA can make securing data privacy and confidentiality more challenging. However, this is undoubtedly not the least important point. Even after the DNA has been handed over, there is no guarantee that it will be used just for the purpose for which it was provided or that it will be protected. This is the case even though the DNA has been turned over.
Question 2
The initial step in constructing a DNA profile is isolating DNA from a specimen, w...