Teaching Experience: Diabetes in Brandywine, Maryland

Teaching Experience: Diabetes in Brandywine, Maryland
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Summary of the Teaching Plan
The teaching plan consists of 1) An introduction to diabetes, its pathophysiology, and types.; 2) Prevalence; 3) Risk factors; 4) Symptoms; 5) Complications; 6) Basic prevention strategies; 7) Complication prevention strategies.
Introduction to Diabetes
Diabetes affects any age group, but the target population differs per classification. Type 1 diabetes is commonly seen in the young, while Type 2 diabetes is generally observed in the adult population greater than forty-five years old. The former results from the lack of insulin production by the body, specifically, the pancreas, while the latter results from the decreased insulin production or diminished sensitivity of the body’s receptors to insulin. While both are chronic diseases, the former is typically autoimmune and genetic, while the latter is secondary to the individual’s lifestyle. As a result, the disease elevates the blood sugar levels in the body leading to various complications (WHO, 2021).
Global Prevalence
WHO (2021) identified that type 2 diabetes is more common than type 1, affecting 95% of the population with the disease. Both types have a significant negative impact on the lives of those affected because it ultimately results in mortality. Some also suffer from premature mortalities. 1.5 million deaths were recorded in 2019 alone, and almost half of them were ages 70 years and below.
Risk Factors
CDC (2021) enumerated its risk factors for types 1 and 2 individually. The risk factors of type 1 are mainly genetics and age. Conversely, the risk factors of type 2 include a body mass index classified under overweight and above, increased fat deposition, especially at the central body parts (i.e., waist circumference is greater than 35 and 40 for women and men, respectively), lack of exercise, family history, race and ethnicity, gestational diabetes, prediabetes, and polycystic ovarian syndrome (Mayo Clinic, 2021).
Symptoms
Mayo Clinic (2020) discussed that its symptoms are typically polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, nocturia, weight loss without attempts, easy fatigability, blurred vision, irritability, prolonged wound healing, and increased susceptibility to infection.
Complications
Mayo Clinic (2020) explained that its complications are dreadful and affect the cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, peripheral nervous systems, kidneys, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, and the skin.
Prevention
The primary prevention strategies consist of the triad of a balanced diet, physical activity, and quitting cigarette smoking (WHO, 2021).
Prevention of Complications
These can be prevented via thorough screening and monitoring of the mentioned most commonly affected systems. The primary intervention is to monitor blood glucose levels regularly and rule out signs and symptoms of other organ dysfunction (WHO, 2021).
Epidemiological Rationale: Maryland
Its global epidemiology has already been previously discussed. This section will focus on its epidemiology in Maryland, USA, since there is no available data discussing the statistics in Brandywine, Maryland, the USA alone.
In 20...