Obesity in America: BRIEF LITERATURE REVIEW

Literature Review: Obesity in America
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Literature Review: Obesity in America
Obesity is when a patient has excessive fats in the body, causing impairment to the person's health. The Body Mass Index (BMI) is an index for measuring weight against height that clarifies the overweight and obese clients (Rosenthal et al., 2017). A person is said to be overweight with an IBM greater than or equal to 25. Obese patients record BMI equal to or above 30. The complication of obesity seems to be increasing significantly. The cause of the problem varies from one patient to the other. Some cases are genetic, others the combination of metabolic, hormonal, and behavioral factors.
Additionally, some cases have become hard to determine the real cause of their occurrence. Rosenthal et al. (2017) assert that the growing prevalence of obesity in the last forty years is very shocking. The American cases have been rising daily to be currently at over 50%. The issues are affecting not only the adults but also the children. Every two out of three adults in America are either overweight or obese. The high level of obesity threatens the country's general health status because of the increasing numbers of diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and other chronic illnesses connected to obesity as the cause.
Causes
The leading cause of obesity and overweight is the imbalance of energy between expendable calories and consumed calories. The energy imbalances are mainly due to the increasing energy-dense foods with high sugar and calories. The other factor is the lack of physical activities due to urbanization that makes people reduce the walking kilometer, increasing modern transportation use (Shippy & Arena, 2021). The life lack of supportive policies in the government sectors like food processing, urban planning, health, transportation, and agriculture pushes most people to prefer risky options of less activity.
Reduced physical Activities
Modern life has a total reduction of physical activities in comparison to the older days. In the 1960’s most of the jobs had lots of physical activities in them. According to Shippy and Arena (2021), due to the lack of modern transportation, people were to walk to the workplace, releasing more calories, reducing the chances of obesity. Contrarily, in the 21 century, less than 20% of jobs require physical activities to deliver. Most people work in the offices on their computers in one sitting posture from 8.00 AM to 5.00 PM. The situation worsens with modern transportation and lifts that reduce the walking time reducing the physical activities. The introduction of technology plays a significant role in reducing physical activities (Nguyen & College, 2018). In the fields like agriculture that was high-energy kind of jobs are currently comfortable. Most people use machines to plow and plant hence little body involvement. The workplace's shift reduces the average calories burning out by 142 daily for the modern-day average man compared to the old-day middle man. In the 1960's the average weight for a man was 169 pounds compared to the current man, who weighs 202 pounds.
Poor Feeding Habits...