How Does Globalization Affect Health?

How does Globalization Affect Health?
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How does Globalization Affect Health?
Lee (2002) argues that globalization has different definitions based on the wider perspectives of professionals. For economists, globalization is an emerging economy; for information technologists, globalization is a global network of information; and for researchers pursuing cultural studies, globalization represents the creation of a global culture (Lee, 2002). Overall, globalization is the increasing interconnectedness among nations through increased economic integration, cultural diffusion, communication, and travel. As countries continue to globalize, a strong emphasis has been given to global health development. Since the introduction of the globalization concept in the 1970s, international attention to health has risen significantly (Doyal, 2002). Globalization has led to health improvements through the diffusion of low-cost technology, new health knowledge, and increased human rights. At the same time opened leeway for communicable and non-communicable diseases to cross borders. Globalization opened the way for neoliberalism and white dominance by restructuring the healthcare sector more as a commodity to purchase rather than a right, especially in the context of poor countries.
Framework
Globalization has triggered advancement in global communication, betterment in global governance structure, global mobility, increased cross-cultural interactions, and several other global environmental changes. All these changes influenced trade, policies, knowledge, social interactions, and the provision of goods and services. Collectively, these changes have impacted health determinants and, subsequently, health.
Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 1: Framework
The research focuses solely on how globalization forces, namely health policies, economic changes development, socio-cultural interactions, and knowledge/technology, have positively or negatively impacted health.
Arguments and Analysis
Globalization has triggered a new political paradigm focused on structuring policies perceived to protect and advance human health. Pollical changes have since 1970 focused on moving health matters up higher on the foreign policy agenda (Hartmann, 2005). Holst (2020) argues that prior to globalization, the goal in the western world was to preserve the health of westerners. However, the paradigm shift due to globalization has changed the narrative. The global space opened new ways of improving health, including new fields such as "hygiene," "public health," and, importantly, "tropical medicine" (Holst, 2020). Ideally, globalization has become the new avenue through which health issues are addressed, especially with the introduction of explicitly population-centered science.
Secondly, there is a rise in global trade, with health trade significantly boosted. New treaties and intellectual property rights have emerged, and there is a need to understand whether these new changes have a profound implication on healthcare provision. Martens et al. (2010) argue that a country's performance on matters of health is now defined based on the globalization rate. With a low globa...