Gastrointestinal Tract Issues: Gastric Acid Stimulation and Production

GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT: DISORDERS OF MOTILITY
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Gastrointestinal Tract: Disorders of Motility
Introduction
Gastric juices as detailed byAyala et al (2016)are considered as digestive fluids primarily secreted by the stomach's glands for the prime purpose of breaking down solid food particles into chunks and killing bacteria’s in the stomach. In this case, the inner linings of the stomach, also known as the duodenum and the esophagus are protein in nature, hence proving their susceptibility to acidic actions that occur around them in the stomach (John et al, 2016). Our lifestyles, diets, and the drugs we use may time and again result in imbalances of acids produced. This paper, therefore, seeks to analyze the gastric acid disorder in a bid to determine its causes and remedies.
Pathophysiology of Gastric Acid Stimulation and Production
Gastric acids are produced by the parietal cells within the walls of the stomach. Within the stomach, there is a region called the secretory canaliculus within the parietal cells considered as the most acidic environment in the human body (pH=8), a site that also secretes the gastric juice into the lumen. In this case, the secretion of acid into lumen occurs as a response to a message from a variety of hormonal, paracrine, and exocrine inputs (Michael et al, 2013). The G cells within the pyloric mucosa of the stomach therefore produce a gastric juice that acts as a major hormonal activator for gastric acid production.
On the other hand, the parietal cells are in this process stimulated by several inputs to secrete hydrogenous ions that flow into the gastric lumen and which are medically considered to have a variety of functional significance. The gastric digestive secretion, in this case, can digest the walls of the stomach through the destruction of cells and protein hydrolysis. In this case, the gastric mucosal barriers protect the stomach luminal from self-digestion (Michael et al, 2013). However, there are cases where the gastric mucosal barriers are challenges, thus resulting in a disease characterized by gastric inflammation. In such a condition, the enzymes and the gastric acid present in the gastric secretion may lead to a potential degenerative condition of ulceration within the gastric glands.
Changes that Occur to Gastric Acid Stimulation and Production
During the GERD, PUD, and gastritis disorders, it is important to consider that changes are likely to occur in the process of gastric acid production and stimulation. These changes would result in Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), considered as a condition resulting from the reflux of gastric material through the LES (lower esophageal sphincter) that leads into the esophagus hence causing injuries to the e...