Dissecting a Theory in Health

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Introduction
Obesity and overweight are now a continuously growing medical condition affecting men and women from all age groups and races. This abnormal accumulation of excessive fats in the body leads to various chronic health conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, type II diabetes mellitus, and hypertension, resulting in mortality. According to the World Health Organization, the prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents from 5 to 19 years of age had drastically increased to more than four times from 4% to 18% worldwide from 1975 to 2016 (Di Cesare et al., 2019). Obesity is a preventable condition that can be addressed by interventions that affect diet and nutrition, exercise routine, and lifestyle change. Although this is a known fact, difficulties implement various health education programs that will promote and result in the desired outcomes.
This paper will focus on the applicable theoretical model, theory, and constructs in the implemented health education program of Haghani, Shahnazi, and Hassanzadeh in their 2017 research study entitled “Effects of Tailored Health Education Program on Overweight Elementary School Students’ Obesity-Related Lifestyle: A School-Based Interventional Study.”
The Intervention
The research study by Haghani, Shahnazi, and Hassanzadeh is an experimental study that involves elementary school children who are considered overweight or obese. The children were asked to answer a questionnaire divided into demographic data, nutrition, and physical activity. A 5-point Likert scale was used in the 22 questions. After this, the body mass index of each one was taken as an initial reference in the study (Haghani, Shahnazi, and Hassanzadeh, 2017).
In the following weeks, the children included in the intervention group were required to attend an educational session by a health education specialist regarding physical activity and nutrition. A total of four sessions were done. In addition to these, the parents, primary caregivers, teachers, and the institution were informed about the purpose and objectives of the study. The strategies used during the educational sessions of the intervention group are demonstrations, lectures, question and answer sessions, posters, animations, pamphlets, and educational packages. The trainers and educators have the standard qualifications with consideration to the age group of the students. After the four-month study, the same questionnaire was given and answered by the students, both from the control and intervention groups. Consequently, the body mass index of each student was recorded (Haghani, Shahnazi, and Hassanzadeh, 2017).
Interpersonal Model
The interpersonal m...