Possible Systematic bias Examples: Telephone Sampling

Sampling
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Sampling
Sampling bias occurs when a sample is selected in such a way that some target members of the population are omitted or are less likely to be included in the sample than others. There are various examples of systematically biased sampling done today by researchers or statisticians. One classic example is the sampling from internet panels (Source Wikipedia, LLC Books, 2011). A sample is randomly selected from people who have signed up to be members of an internet panel. The sample could be done randomly, but the population from which the sample is selected from is comprised of people who are only signed up as members of that particular internet panel, hence biased (Source Wikipedia, LLC Books, 2011). This bias is usually experienced by those who carry out polls especially on social media platforms such as Facebook among others.
Another example is opt-in samples where respondents self-impose themselves to be the representatives of the entire population. This is common with dial-in polls which are conducted by media groups and Internet-based polls (Heckman, 2011). The characteristics of the respondents who opt-in to participate in the polls may not represent the entire population. It also locks out many people who do not opt to participate, and it may tend to include people who would like to appear in public image yet their views totally contrast with those of the rest. Another example is postal surveys which can be done by a newspaper or a magazine (Heckman, 2011). The sample will only be drawn from the people who read that newspaper locking out the rest of the population who reads other newspapers or those who do not read.
Another of systematic bias is the one encountered when genetic variations in organisms using microchips. This occurs when the microchip is ...