Assignment: Disorders of the Veins and Arteries

Disorders of the Veins and Arteries
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It is important for an APR (Advanced Practice Nurse) to advise treatment or to make accurate diagnoses and therapies based on the clinical manifestation of the human body. They can also break down the groups of symptoms in order to ease their work and to speed up the recovery process. Medical experts have outlined numerous conditions of the human body’s venous system and blood circulatory system (Huether & McCance, 2017). In this paper, we will discuss what deep vein thrombosis is, what its pathophysiology is and how insufficiency of chronic venous can cause gender influences.
A report by CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) has presented an alarming picture and makes it clear that up to 900,000 Americans are suffering from VTE (Venous Thromboembolisms), which is also known as DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis) and physicians and nurses call it with the same name. It has also been said that up to 100,000 patients die every year because of the same problem (CDC, 2017). The condition of deep vein thrombosis should not be confused with arterial thrombosis; the latter is caused by atherosclerosis and can lead to severe issues like stroke. On the contrary, a DVT is found in the calf and in some cases, it is found in the upper extremities. With time, the platelets and clotting factors (of bifurcations of the venous circulation) get accumulated in the venous system. The propagation of red blood cells, fibrin, thrombin aggregation, and platelets as well as the inflammation caused by immune response give rise to the thrombus.
The detachment of thrombus from the venous vessel wall leads to thromboembolism. The Virchow’s Triad is a commonly known scenario in the formation of DVT condition; it is known to promote the venous thrombosis. It is believed that the Virchow’s triad has manifestations that include venous endothelial damage (e.g., trauma, intravenous medications), venous stasis (e.g., immobility, age, congestive heart failure), and hypercoagulable states (e.g., inherited disorders, malignancy, pregnancy, use of oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy)”.
Furthermore, people with DVTs can be found saying that they suffer from tenderness, swelling, calf pain and redness, which are the result of irregularity found in blood circulation in the body as well as inflammation. Occasionally, patients have signs of calf discomfort which is caused by food dorsiflexion linked with an extended knee. Where examples are available of thrombi resolutions without any major or minor treatment, there are also situations in which DVT patients suffer from immobilization. The condition further racks up the risks for PE in the chronic venous insufficiency, and this would make the patient feel the discomfort.
DVT examination can be done using traditional methods, and accurate diagnosis can be achieved through a number of ways such as patient history, physical examination, blood tests, Dopler Ultrasonography, and D-dimer. APNs can best manage the condition of DVT through prevention or by using a filter that can be placed in the inferior vena cava. Another way to manage the DVT is thrombolytic therapy, which is quite effective a...