Research Instruments: Scales, Indices, Typology, and Questionnaire

Research Instruments
Name
Department, Institution Affiliation
Course Code; Course Name
Instructor’s Name
Date
Scale
A scale provides data at a specific rate for people to apply in their operations. Multiple scales are involved in data collection, such as interval scale, ordinal scale, and nominal with order scale. The interval scale has a fixed interval. An ordinal scale is applied when ordering observations from bottom to top, and any ties observed are attributed to reducing measurement awareness, such as a questionnaire score. Nominal with order is a scale applied when categorizing various mild, moderate, or severe charges.
Scale example
Disagree Agree
* More staff members for
Commerce management 1 2 3 4 5
* Challenges in adjusting desired products
Cost 1 2 3 4 5
* Data from the internet is irrelevant 1 2 3 4 5
Index
An index refers to a method of tracking performance for multiple groups in a systematic manner. Indexes generally determine the versions of different securities designed to duplicate a specific market area. Also, they determine financial or economic statuses such as inflation and interest rate. Researchers use indexes as benchmarks to evaluate the performance of different portfolios. Examples of indexes include the S&P 500 and DJIA. The S&P is an index used by over 500 top corporations in the United States stock exchange (Chen, 2019). It represents 80% of the entire United States’ stock market worth. Generally, it provides a perfect indication of the U.S market movements (BANTON & SMITH, 2019). On the flip side, DJIA is a well-known, frequently used, and oldest index across the globe. The index is price-weighted and was initially computed by amalgamating the cost of the company’s stock and dividing the total by the number of companies.
Typology
A typology refers to a system of groupings whose members’ identification is through assuming specific attributes which are jointly exclusive and mutually exhaustive. ...