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Essay Available:
Pages:
4 pages/β‰ˆ1100 words
Sources:
3 Sources
Style:
APA
Subject:
Health, Medicine, Nursing
Type:
Case Study
Language:
English (U.S.)
Document:
MS Word
Date:
Total cost:
$ 19.44
Topic:

Pathophysiology of Extradural and Subdural Hematomas

Case Study Instructions:

Unit 6 Assignment: Neuro Case Study
Due Dec 12 by 11:59pm Points 100 Submitting a text entry box, a website url, a media recording, or a file upload
Instructions
Assignment Objectives:
Identify and select appropriate interventions including diagnostic tests and nursing interventions.
Analyze physiological and psychological responses to illness and treatment modalities
Purpose: Examine case studies related to neurologic disease and answer the assigned questions. This assignment should help refine your clinical/critical thinking skills.
Assignment Description:
Describe the pathophysiology of extradural and subdural hematomas.
Identify the surgical emergency and provided rationale for the choice.
Describe the most likely type of head injury and outline an appropriate treatment plan.
Your answer must follow APA 7th edition format.
Submit the answer to this assignment area.
Patient 1 – Two individuals come to the emergency department with head injuries. One, 25 years old, has just been in a motor vehicle accident (MVA) and has a temporal lobe injury. The other, 65 years old, has increasing confusion after a fall that happened earlier in the week.
a. Differentiate the pathophysiology of extradural hematoma and subdural hematoma.
b. Identify the patient in the above scenario requiring immediate emergency surgical intervention and provide rationale for your choice.
Patient 2 – An 38 year old was driving his 1970 Chevy Corvette to a Milwaukee Brewers baseball game when a deer jumped out in front of him on the highway. He swerved his car and hit a telephone pole instead. His head hit the windshield and he suffered severe head trauma.
a. Describe the most likely specific type of head injury he suffered.
b. Outline the treatment plan for this patient.
Estimated time to complete: 6 hours
Rubric
NU621 Unit 6 Case Study
NU621 Unit 6 Case Study
Criteria Ratings Pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeContent & Concepts
NU621-CO1; NU621-CO2; NU621-CO3; PRICE-P; PRICE-I
50 pts
5
Ideas and concepts are consistently clear and always well explained. Relationships between concepts and ideas are always discussed fairly and always synthesized in a logical fashion with strong, well-founded supporting arguments. All discussion and arguments are thoroughly supported with research and/or resource materials that are pertinent, valid, and reliable.
48.34 pts
4
Ideas and concepts are clear and well explained. Relationships between concepts and ideas are discussed fairly and synthesized in a logical fashion with well-founded supporting arguments. Discussion and arguments are supported with research and/or resource materials that are pertinent, valid, and reliable
45 pts
3
Ideas and concepts are reasonably well explained. Discussion and arguments are, for the most part, supported with research and/or resource materials that are pertinent, valid, and reliable relationships between concepts, and ideas are discussed. These could be further strengthened with additional research or resource materials.
38.34 pts
2
Basic ideas and concepts are presented; however, they are under-developed and poorly explained. There is minimal evidence of a relationship between ideas and concepts. Discussion and arguments are not supported with additional research or research that is pertinent and valid.
33.34 pts
1
Some basic ideas and concepts are started, but not developed. There is no identifiable relationship between ideas and concepts. There is little or no discussion and/or argument with supporting research.
0 pts
0
There are no developed ideas or concepts. There is no supporting research.
50 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAnalysis
NU621-CO1; NU621-CO2; NU621-CO3; PRICE-I; PRICE-P
30 pts
5
Organizes and synthesizes evidence to reveal insightful patterns, differences, or similarities related to focus.
27 pts
4
Organizes and analyzes evidence to reveal insightful patterns, differences, or similarities related to focus.
24 pts
3
Organizes evidence to reveal important patterns, differences, or similarities related to focus.
21 pts
2
Organizes evidence, but the organization is not effective in revealing important patterns, differences, or similarities.
18 pts
1
Describes evidence, but it is not organized and/ or is unrelated to focus.
0 pts
0
Lists evidence, but it is not organized and/ or is unrelated to focus.
30 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWriting Conventions
PRICE-P; PRICE-I
10 pts
5
The paper exhibits a superior command of written English language conventions. The paper has no errors in mechanics, grammar, or spelling.
9 pts
4
The paper exhibits a strong command of written English language conventions. The paper has no errors in mechanics, grammar, or spelling that impair the flow of communication.
8 pts
3
The paper exhibits command of written English language conventions. The paper has minor errors in mechanics, grammar, or spelling that impact the flow of communication.
7 pts
2
The paper exhibits a limited command of written English language conventions. The paper has frequent errors in mechanics, grammar, or spelling that impede the flow of communication.
6 pts
1
The paper exhibits little command of written English language conventions. The paper has errors in mechanics, grammar, or spelling that cause the reader to stop and reread parts of the writing to discern meaning.
0 pts
0
The paper does not demonstrate command of written English language conventions. The paper has multiple errors in mechanics, grammar, or spelling that cause the reader difficulty discerning the meaning.
10 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAPA
PRICE-I; PRICE-P
10 pts
5
The required APA elements are all included with correct formatting, including in-text citations and references.
8 pts
4
The required APA elements are all included with minor formatting errors, including in-text citations and references.
6 pts
3
The required APA elements are all included with multiple formatting errors, including in-text citations and references.
4 pts
2
The required APA elements are not all included. AND/OR there are major formatting errors, including in-text citations and references.
2 pts
1
Several APA elements are missing. The errors in formatting demonstrate limited understanding of APA guidelines, in-text-citations, and references.
0 pts
0
There is little to no evidence of APA formatting. AND/OR there are no in-text citations AND/OR references.
10 pts
Total Points: 100

Case Study Sample Content Preview:

Neuro Case Study
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Neuro Case Study
Subdural hematoma refers to a type of intracranial hemorrhage characterized by bleeding in the space between the arachnoid and dural membranes surrounding the brain. In adults, subdural hematoma usually occurs from falls. The tearing of bridging veins causes bleeding that moves from the cortex to dural venous sinuses. The accumulation of blood leads to the rise of intracranial pressure, which might cause brainstem death and herniation if untreated for an extended period. In contrast, extradural hematoma involves the acute hemorrhage occurring between the skull’s inner surface and the dural membrane. When the volume of blood increases, the extradural space expands, making the space between the skull and dural matter increase. If left untreated, extradural hematoma might cause tentorial herniation and brain damage.
An individual with head injuries needs immediate medical attention. In particular, a surgical procedure called subdural evacuation is used to treat subdural hematoma (Fletcher, 2017). The surgeon removes a section of the skull near the affected region and uses irrigation and suction techniques to remove any leaked blood. A patient with extradural hematoma can be treated through conservation or stabilizing the condition and observing the person’s blood pressure. If the intracranial extradural hematoma is large, it is removed through a surgical intervention known as a craniotomy. The surgical procedure entails making small holes in the skull and suctioning the blood.
Patient 1
The Difference between Subdural and Extradural Hematomas
In the scenario at hand, two people are in the emergency rooms with head injuries. One patient is a 25-year-old who had a motor vehicle accident and experienced a temporal lobe injury. The other is a 65-year-old experiencing confusion after falling. Specifically, a hematoma involves an accumulation of blood when a vessel is injured. An extradural hematoma is experienced when blood from a raptured vessel accumulates between the skull and the dura. In most cases, it is caused by a motor vehicle accident hitting a blunt object that leads to a linear fracture of the skull with no or minimal displacement. A hemorrhage occurs due to the rupture or laceration of the meningeal artery. The arterial blood increases the pressure and causes the separation of the skull and dura, leading to an elliptical-shaped hematoma. When the patient is injured, he or she experiences a momentary consciousness loss that is followed by a lucid interval. If the bleeding continues, the patient suffers from a severe headache due to the increased intracranial pressure (Kim et al., 2020). On the contrary, a subdural hematoma entails the blood collection between the brain and the dura. Notably, it happens when small blood vessels that bridge the subdural space burst. In some cases, subdural hematoma arises from trauma, aneurysm rupture, and coagulopathies that tear veins, causing blood accumulation or collection in subdural space. In this case, the blood crosses the suture lines and forms a crescent-shaped appearance.
The Patient Who Needs an Immediate Emergency...
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