The US Airline Industry

Annotated Bibliography
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Annotated Bibliography
“The declining market share of American Airlines in the consumer travel industry is primarily due to an outdated product portfolio, inadequate marketing strategies, and increasing competition. Solutions to this problem can be found through product innovation, targeted marketing campaigns, and strategic partnerships with industry leaders.”
Gil, R., & Kim, M. (2021). Does competition increase quality? Evidence from the U.S. airline industry. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 77, 1–32. 
The authors, Gil and Kim, examine how competition impacts quality provision in the United States airline industry, exposing a novel basis of exogenic disparity in competition. Since non-price competition might take dissimilar shapes and impact customers differently, gaining insights into its effects on firms and customers' wellness is essential. The authors argue that firms can compete on hours or location in services that are noticeable and unmistakable in customer preferences. Even though partnership amongst market incumbents can smoothen competition, the study shows that a merger can surge the chances of entry if the merging airline did not operate before the merger. Still, each had a presence at diverse route endpoints. The study's evidence implies that increased competition can jet consumer surplus while maintaining prices unchanged.
Chao, H., Agusdinata, D. B., & DeLaurentis, D. A. (2019). The potential impacts of emissions trading scheme and biofuel options on carbon emissions of U.S. airlines. Energy Policy, 134, 1–13.
The use of an outdated product portfolio is a common problem contributing to a decline in the market share of American Airlines. The paper study reflects on the possible