Health Disparities in Birth Outcomes

Annotated Bibliography: Health Disparities in Birth Outcomes
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Annotated Bibliography: Health Disparities in Birth Outcomes
Elo, I. T., Vang, Z., & Culhane, J. F. (2014). Variation in birth outcomes by mother’s country of birth among non-Hispanic black women in the United States. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 18(10), 2371-2381. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-014-1477-0. The main argument covered in the article is that health disparities in preterm births and small gestational age births exist between foreign-born non-Hispanic black women and US-born non-Hispanic Black women that cannot be explained by explainable risk factors from vital records. The variation between the two groups based on maternal nativity was investigated using Pearson Chi-square and logistic regression, with adjustment for known risk factors included in the model. The study highlights the need to tailor intervention programs that target the elimination of health disparities based on the maternal nativity. The finding supports the theory of “healthy migrant” as a factor explaining healthcare disparities as evident in a study by WInsgate et al. (2009). Notably, the article will contribute to the discussion on the factors that explain healthcare disparities in birth outcomes among Non-Hispanic Black females
Powers, D. A., Frisbie, W. P., Hummer, R. A., Pullum, S. G., & Solis, P. (2006). Race/ethnic differences and age-variation in the effects of birth outcomes on infant mortality in the US. Demographic Research, 14, 179-216. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2006.14.10. The main argument presented in the article is that Black women experience higher neonatal mortality compared to Whites and Mexican Americans, which can be attributed to socio-environmental disadvantages. The proportional hazards model was used to compare birth outcomes among Whites, Blacks, and Mexican Americans. The research findings propose the need to come up with interventions that seek to reduce health disparities in the neonatal stage. Comparatively, the study findings align with Thoma et al. (2019) study whose findings suggested that sociodemographic factors contribute to healthcare disparities in birth outcomes. The article will explain provide information on the factors that explain healthcare disparities based on race.
Thoma, M. E., Drew, L. B., Hirai, A. H., Kim, T. Y., Fenelon, A., & Shenassa, E. D. (2019). Black–White disparities in preterm birth: geographic, social, and health determinants. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 57(5), 675-686. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2019.07.007. According to the article, most of the health disparity in preterm birth among Whites and Black females can be attributed to sociodemographic factors as well as prenatal factors. The findings are a consequence of a cross-sectional study of birth certificate data generated in the US in 2016. From the findings, it is evident that public health programs that focus on providing social support and prenatal care can be leveraged to reduce healthcare disparities that Black females face. The study supports Power et al....