Should Universities Transition Entirely to Online Education?

* Submission Type: Individual only!!
* Unlike other assignments, this is not accepted as a group project. Each student will be assessed on an individual basis
* Reference Count Based on Group Size:
* Note: From your outline, use the main and opposing points as they are. Each student must present 10 COMPLETELY DIFFERENT REFERENCES to support these points. (as mentioned before for your reserach paper you have a pool of 30 refrences if you are a group of 3, 25 if you are a gorup of 2, and 10 if you are workign alone, you should devide those refrences so that each student uses 10 in the annotated bibliography"
* Template & Structure:
* Strictly adhere to the provided template on Blackboard, especially the table structure.
* Word Count:
* The entire bibliography should range between 800 to 1,000 words.
* Reference:
* Please refer to the example template attached for guidance.
Sample:
# THESIS STATEMENT: We should try to stop the decline in world population because it will cause problems in the labour supply, the cost of supporting the elderly, and the decline in culture.
1 INTRODUCTION: Introduction (to be written in my research paper)
According to this book, the declining population in developed countries due to women having fewer or no children is a growing concern. With the advancement of technology and the availability of better healthcare, people are living longer, but the birth rate is decreasing. This trend could have significant implications for the future of these countries, including economic and social challenges.
Martin, J. A., Hamilton, B. E., Osterman, M. J., & Driscoll, A. K. (2019). Births: Final data for 2018.
2 OPPOSING PT. 1: A smaller population can have a positive impact on the environment and help to reduce negative climate change in several ways.
Firstly, a smaller population can lead to a decrease in carbon emissions. With fewer people, there may be a decrease in the use of fossil fuels and a decrease in the amount of waste produced. This can help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate the effects of climate change.
Secondly, a smaller population can lead to a reduction in the strain on natural resources. With fewer people, there may be less demand for food, water, and other resources. This can help to reduce the pressure on natural resources and promote sustainable development.
Diamond, J. (2005). Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed. Viking Press.
3 OPPOSING PT. 2: Women having fewer or no children can have a positive impact on gender equality and economic empowerment of women.
According to this journal article, with fewer children to care for, women may have more opportunities to pursue education and careers. This can help to increase their earning potential and promote economic empowerment.
A decrease in the number of children can help to reduce the burden of childcare on women. This can help to promote gender equality by reducing the gender gap in unpaid care work. Additionally, with fewer children, women may have more control over their reproductive health and more opportunities to participate in the workforce.
Huen, Y. W. (2007). Policy response to declining birth rate in Japan: Formation of a “gender-equal” society. East Asia, 24(4), 365-379.
4 OPPOSING PT. 3: With less population, there will be higher wages and more opportunity for young people and the elderly who need work at higher wages.  
This study shows that young people today are facing a very depressing situation of lower wages, small savings, and inability to buy a home.  With a declining population this situation would be reversed and employers would be forced to increase wages in order to attract a shrinking pool of young workers. 
Bloom, D. E., Canning, D., & Fink, G. (2011). Implications of population aging for economic growth. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 26(4), 583-612.
5 OPPOSING PT 3: With less population, there will be higher wages and more opportunity for young people and the elderly who need work at higher wages. 
This study shows that the elderly are often very healthy and able and willing to work; however, they are forced into retirement because of the idea that 65 or more is too old to do the job.  When the elderly are allowed to work beyond 65 it showed their productivity and contribution to the company was still extremely high, in some cases, even higher than young people.  This is because, while they might be slower, their experience made up for it plus they didn’t mind working overtime at all to finish the job. 
Employing and supporting older workers. Advantages of employing and retaining older workers. (n.d.). https://www(dot)nibusinessinfo(dot)co(dot)uk/content/advantages-employing-and-retaining-older-workers
6 MAIN POINT #1: Less population would mean there would be a decline in the working-age population which could negatively affect the economy and standard of living. 
The changing worker demographics, including lower birth rates and an aging workforce, are a powerful force affecting work and organizations in developed countries. This has resulted in a shrinking labor pool and a shift in the age distribution of the workforce.
This may lead to a shortage of skilled workers, which could result in a decline in productivity and economic growth. This could be due to a lack of expertise and experience in certain areas, which could negatively impact the quality of work and output.
Burke, R. J., & Ng, E. (2006). The changing nature of work and organizations: Implications for human resource management. Human resource management review, 16(2), 86-94.
7 Main Point #1: Less population would mean there would be a decline in the working-age population which could negatively affect the economy and standard of living. 
The decrease in workforce in developed countries may also lead to an increase in the cost of labor, as companies compete for a limited pool of skilled workers. This could lead to higher wages and benefits, which could in turn increase the cost of goods and services, and ultimately affect the standard of living for consumers
Bloom, D. E., Canning, D., & Sevilla, J. P. (2001). Economic growth and the demographic transition.
8 MAIN POINT #2: The decline in population can cause a huge decrease in the well-being in the rural areas, with a decline in farming and manufacturing, and the loss of cultural heritage that is found mostly in the rural areas.   
This article shows that a decrease in the labour could cause an unequal distribution of wealth across the country. With fewer people in the population, the workforce may become smaller, isolated and decrease fast in certain regions as all the young people move to the cities.  This can lead to serious income inequalities in different regions of the country, a shortage of critical staff, and the decline in farming. 
Glaser, K., Agree, E. M., Costenbader, E., Camargo, A., Trench, B., Natividad, J., & Chuang, Y. L. (2006). Fertility decline, family structure, and support for older persons in Latin America and Asia. Journal of Aging and Health, 18(2), 259-291.
9 MAIN POINT #2: The decline in population can cause a huge decrease in the well-being in the rural areas, with a decline in farming and manufacturing, and the loss of cultural heritage that is found mostly in the rural areas.   
This article describes social ageing is a phenomenon that follows in the wake of industrialization, urbanization and social modernization, bringing about changes in values. with fewer young people being born, there may be a decline in the number of people in the rural areas and towns.  This means few who are able to pass on cultural traditions and practices to future generations. This can lead to a loss of cultural identity and a decline in the preservation of cultural heritage. For example, if there are fewer young people to learn and practice traditional crafts or music in the rural areas and villages. these traditions may eventually disappear
Coulmas, F. (2007). Population decline and ageing (Vol. 16). Routledge.
10 MAIN POINT #3: An aging population will cause a huge increase in healthcare costs. 
This article proves that as the population ages, there may be an increase in healthcare costs and a need for more specialized care for the elderly. This can put a strain on healthcare systems and lead to increased healthcare spending. Additionally, an aging population can lead to a decrease in the number of people in the workforce, which can negatively impact the economy. This is because older individuals may retire earlier and require more healthcare services, which can lead to a decrease in productivity and economic growth.
Mendelson, D. N., & Schwartz, W. B. (1993). The effects of aging and population growth on health care costs. Health affairs, 12(1), 119-125