Published Scientific Nutrition Research Paper on Macrovascular Disease

Article Summary
Student’s Name
Date
Summary of the Article
Macrovascular disease is one of the primary causes of mortality and morbidity for patients suffering from type 2 diabetes. Solutions, such as lifestyle changes and medical management, have been frequently fronted as the answer to the increased mortality and morbidity among patients suffering from type 2 diabetes. However, according to Fisher, Johnson, Haneuse, Arteburn, Coleman, O’connor, O’Brien, Bogart, Theis, Anau, Schroeder, and Sidney (2018), these solutions have failed to decrease the risk of mortality and morbidity, prompting the quest for another strategy. In their study, the proposed the use of bariatric surgery as a solution. To investigate the effectiveness of bariatric surgery, they conducted an experimental/quantitative study in which they recruited 3501 obese individuals and 14934 control patients. The findings showed that bariatric surgery was related to reduced risk of macrovascular occurrences.
Purpose of the Study
Patients suffering from type 2 diabetes are vulnerable to various macrovascular diseases, such as the cerebrovascular disease and coronary artery disease. Subsequently, medical recommendations for the management of type 2 diabetes highlight reducing the risk factors of macrovascular diseases through the optimization of glycemic regulation, serum lipid levels, as well as blood pressure. The multi-thronged approach has been found to significantly decrease cases of macrovascular complications. Nevertheless, the majority of type 2 diabetic individuals fail to attain these treat objectives, leading to continued morbidity and costs. As such, Fisher, Johnson, Haneuse, Arteburn, Coleman, O’connor, O’Brien, Bogart, Theis, Anau, Schroeder, and Sidney (2018) set out to explore the association between bariatric surgery and incident macrovascular events in patients with extreme obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Methods Used
To achieve the objectives of their study, the researchers conducted a retrospective observational matched cohot inquiry of adults suffering type 2 diabetes. The participants underwent a bariatric surgery between 2005 and 2011 in 4 health institutions: HealthPartners in Minnesota, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, and Kaiser Permanent Northern California. At every institution, digital medical records, information systems, and insurance claims served as crucial source of information concerning enrollment, insurance coverage, demography, blood pressure, weight, deaths, inpatients, outpatients, and emergency department use. The participants were divided into two categories: nonsurgical and surgical participants. The surgical participants comprise adults aged between 19 and 79 years with extreme obesity and type 2 diabetes. A total of 5301 individuals qualified for the surgical group and had undergone the bariatric procedure. For every member of the surgical group, three-marched non-surgical control were identified through a multi-step process (Fisher, Johnson, Haneuse, Arteburn, Coleman, O’connor, O’Brien, Bogart, Theis, Anau, Schroeder, and Sidney, 2018). For patients with diabetes and obese who did not undergo bariatric surgery, the researchers identif...