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Essay Available:
Pages:
3 pages/≈825 words
Sources:
5 Sources
Style:
APA
Subject:
Health, Medicine, Nursing
Type:
Research Paper
Language:
English (U.S.)
Document:
MS Word
Date:
Total cost:
$ 15.55
Topic:

Etiology, Risk Factors, Diagnostics, and Treatment of Sickle Cell Anemia

Research Paper Instructions:

RUA: Pathophysiological Processes Guidelines
NR283 Pathophysiological
Processes Guidelines
Purpose
This project is an in depth investigation of a health condition. It will allow for the expansion of knowledge and the
ability to generalize larger concepts to a variety of health conditions.
Course outcomes: This assignment enables the student to meet the following course outcomes:
1. Explain the pathophysiologic processes of select health conditions. (PO 1)
2. Predict clinical manifestations and complications of select disease processes. (PO 1, 8)
3. Correlate lifestyle, environmental, and other influences with changes in levels of wellness. (PO 1, 7)
Due date: Your faculty member will inform you when this assignment is due. The Late Assignment Policy applies
to this assignment.
Total points possible: 100 points
Preparing the assignment
Follow these guidelines when completing this assignment. Speak with your faculty member if you have questions.
1) Select a disease process that interests you.
2) Obtain approval of the selected disease process from the course faculty.
a. Faculty will share how to submit your topic choice for approval.
3) Write a 2‐3 page paper (excluding title and reference pages).
4) Include the following sections about the selected disease process (detailed criteria listed below and in the Grading
Rubric).
a. Introduction of disease ‐ 20 points/20%
• One paragraph (approximately 200 words)
• Includes disease description
• Includes epidemiology of disease
b. Etiology and risk factors ‐ 20 points/20%
• Common causes of the disease or condition
• Risk factors for the disease or condition
• Impact of age
• Prevalence based on gender,
• Influence of environment
• Genetic basis of disease
• Lifestyle influences
• All information supported by current literature
c. Pathophysiological processes ‐ 20 points/20%
• Describes changes occurring at the cellular, tissue, and/or organ level that contribute to the disease
process.
• Describes adaptation of the cells and body in response to the disease.
• Relates disease processes to manifested signs and symptoms.
d. Clinical manifestations and complications ‐ 20 points/20%
• Describes the physical signs and symptoms that are important in considering the presence of the disease.
• Identifies signs that contribute to diagnosis of the condition
• Identifies symptoms that contribute to diagnosis of the condition.
• Identifies complications of the disease.
• Discusses the implications to the patient when complications are left untreated.
e. Diagnostics ‐ 10 points/10%
• Includes list of common laboratory and diagnostic tests used to determine the presence of the disease.
2
NR283 Pathophysiology
RUA: Pathophysiological Processes Guidelines
NR283 Pathophysiological Processes Guidelines V4.docx Revised: 05/2018
21
• Discusses the significance of test findings in relation to the disease process.
f. APA Style and Organization ‐ 10 points/10%
• References are submitted with assignment.
• Uses appropriate APA format (6th ed.) and is free of errors.
• Grammar and mechanics are free of errors.
• Paper is 2‐3 pages, excluding title and reference pages
• At least two (2) scholarly, primary sources from the last 5 years, excluding the textbook, are provided
For writing assistance (APA, formatting, or grammar) visit the Citation and Writing Assistance

Research Paper Sample Content Preview:

Sickle Cell Anemia
Author Name
University Name
Sickle cell anemia often referred to as sickle cell disease, is a severe genetic disease of the RBCs (red blood cells). These cells are round in shape and are known to travel from one blood vessel to another without any significant issue. However, with this complication, the oval shape of the red blood cells gets ruined, and they lose their flexibility. As a result, they become rigid and sticky, and their chances of getting trapped in the blood vessels (capillaries, arteries or veins) become high. If the blood does not reach different parts of the body, the organs or tissues get damaged, causing severe pain and feelings of restlessness. According to Ahmed Al-Salem, sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive disease, which means an individual needs to have at least two copies of a gene in order to develop the illness. If there is only one gene, the person may have sickle cell trait (Al-Salem, 2015, p. 43). The main types of sickle cell anemia are hemoglobin SC disease, hemoglobin SS disease, hemoglobin SB 0 thalassemia, and hemoglobin SB+. Hemoglobin SS disease is far more common than the rest. It is developed in a person who inherits multiple copies of the hemoglobin S gene from both mom and dad. Hemoglobin SB+ (beta) thalassemia primarily impacts the production of beta globin gene, and hemoglobin SB 0 (beta-zero) thalassemia is associated with the poor prognosis. Hemoglobin SC disease appears in an individual who inherits the Hb S gene from one of the two parents (either mother or father) and Hb C gene from the other.
Etiology and Risk Factors
In their article titled Cardiovascular Adaptations to Anemia, Lydia H. Pecker and Hans C. Ackerman have mentioned that sickle cell anemia impacts the lives of up to 4 million people worldwide. Alone in the United States, nearly 0.9 million cases are reported every year. The disease is said to be more common in Sub-Saharan Africa than any other place (Pecker & Ackerman, 2016, p. 133). Some cases of sickle cell anemia have also been reported in India, Pakistan, the Arabian Peninsula, and Nepal. Back in 2013, it resulted in about 120,000 deaths, and the condition was first identified and described by James B. Herrick in 1910.
The risk factors are a stroke, acute chest pain, organ damage, pulmonary hypertension, ulcers, blindness and gallstones (Al-Salem, 2015, p. 38). A stroke is likely to occur if sickle cell anemia blocks the blood vessels of the brain, preventing the blood from flowing toward the spinal cord or the brain. Acute chest syndrome is a deadly disease that can lead to lifelong asthma, and pulmonary hypertension can be developed if the sickle cell anemia blocks the blood flow toward the lungs. The organ damage occurs when the flow of the blood toward a particular organ is prevented, and blindness results when sickle cell anemia blocks the small blood vessels found in the eyes. The u...
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